Page 1: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

Page 2: Doing a Philosophy Lesson 1

Page 3: Origin of Philosophy

• Philosophy originated in the 5th and 6th centuries in Greece, particularly in Miletus.

• Early philosophers focused on understanding the natural world and the origins of the universe.

Page 4: Natural Philosophers

• The term "natural philosopher" refers to those concerned with natural phenomena.

Page 5: Thales of Miletus

• Recognized as the FIRST PHILOSOPHER.

• He posed the question: "What is the basic stuff of the universe?"

• Thales claimed that everything is derived from water.

Page 6: Thales - More Insights

• Observed water's ability to transform between solid, liquid, and gas states.

• Emphasized water's necessity for life.

Page 7: Pythagoras

• Known for the "Pythagorean Theorem."

• Regarded as the FATHER OF NUMBERS.

• Proposed that "Everything must have come from numbers."

• Coined the term "philosophy."

Page 8: Pythagorean Perspective

• Classifies people into three categories:

  1. Those who live to become rich and wealthy.

  2. Those who seek fame.

  3. Those who aim to understand the purpose of life.

Page 9: Socrates

• Prominent teacher from Athens, known as the FATHER OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY.

• Famous for the Socratic Method of questioning, known as Elenchus.

Page 10: Socratic Method

• Focuses on the art of questioning as a learning tool.

Page 11: Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

• Socratic questioning promotes:

  • Higher order thoughts.

  • Inquiry into "WHY" and "HOW" of concepts.

Page 12: Socratic Principles Continued

• Encourages critical thinking through exploration of various subjects.

Page 13: Measuring Success (Socratic Inquiry)

• Socrates' inquiry focuses on metrics for measuring success in life.

Page 14: Socratic Paradoxes

• Notable sayings:

  • "I know that I know nothing."

  • "The unexamined life is not worth living."

Page 15: Plato

• A student of Socrates who founded an Academy in Athens.

• Regarded as the FATHER OF IDEALISM.

Page 16: Ideals of Plato

• Proposed the Theory of Ideas and Forms.

• Belief in the superiority of ideas over material existence.

Page 17: Aristotle

• Student of Plato, recognized as the FATHER OF REALISM.

• Focused on logic, ethics, and politics.

Page 18: Realism by Aristotle

• Advocated for recognizing objective reality.

• Stressed the importance of perceiving truths as they are.

Page 19: Philosophical Reflection

• Entails careful examination of life's situations.

• Involves evaluating alternatives and learning from experiences.

Page 20: Examples of Philosophical Reflection

• Questions to ask oneself:

  • "Will these fit me?"

  • "Do I look good in this color?"

  • "Is it reasonable to buy this shirt?"

Page 21: Thinking Approaches

• Two methods of analysis:

  1. Partial Thinking

  2. Holistic Thinking

Page 22: Partial Thinking

• Focus on specific aspects of a situation for analytical purposes.

Page 23: Holistic Thinking

• Derived from the Greek "HOLOS," meaning whole.

• A perspective that considers broader patterns and systems.

Page 24: Comparison of Thinking Styles

• Assessment of the effectiveness of partial versus holistic thinking.

Page 25: Truth in Thinking Styles

• Discusses the concept of truth in relation to both thinking modes.

Page 26: Learner's Digest

• Reflect on how to apply lessons learned in real-life situations as a learner.

Page 27: Conclusion

• Wrap-up of the lesson with gratitude and encouragement for the day.