NL

Recording-2025-03-12T18:55:35.055Z

Nursing Fundamentals

  • Hand Hygiene: Essential before any patient interaction or feeding.

  • Patient Positioning:

    • When feeding patients, optimal positioning is critical: 20 to 30 degrees or 90 degrees for high tolerance.

Tube Feeding Considerations

  • Observations During Tube Feeding: Monitor whether the patient can tolerate the feedings.

    • If a patient is vomiting, they cannot tolerate tube feeding.

Gastrointestinal Disorders

  • Dumping Syndrome: Recommendations for patients experiencing dumping syndrome.

    • Advise the patient to lie down for 1 hour, potentially up to 3 hours after eating.

  • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD):

    • Patients should sit down after eating to help manage symptoms.

    • First Sign of GERD: Heartburn is a common initial symptom.

    • Diet Considerations: Advise patients to avoid specific triggering foods.

Osteoporosis

  • Definition: A condition characterized by low calcium levels, prevalent in postmenopausal females, especially those of Caucasian or Asian descent.

  • Nutritional Needs:

    • Emphasize the importance of calcium and Vitamin D intake.

    • Sources of Calcium: Dairy products, leafy greens, fortified foods.

Cultural Awareness in Nursing

  • Cultural Competence: Importance of serving culturally appropriate meals and respecting patient schedules.

    • Example: Serving bacon to a Muslim patient is not culturally aware.

  • Meal Timing: Recognize the significance of meal times in different cultures (e.g., Iftar after sunset).

Nutritional Calculations

  • Caloric Value of Macronutrients:

    • Protein: 4 calories per gram

    • Carbohydrates: 4 calories per gram

    • Fats: 9 calories per gram

Pediatric Nutrition

  • Snacking Recommendations for Children:

    • One-year-old: Encourage finger foods.

    • Nine-month-old: Offer pickable food.

    • Two-month-old: Milk is primary nourishment.

Confidentiality in Nursing

  • Patient Confidentiality: Always maintain the privacy of patient information.

    • If someone tries to view computer screens, physically shield the screen or log out.

Professional Communication

  • Importance of communication with team members (e.g., sharing patient information with doctors).

Preventative Diet Considerations for Diseases

  • Diet for Diabetic Patients: Emphasize low carbohydrate intake and consider high fiber foods as beneficial.

  • Dietary Advice for Adolescents:

    • Foods to avoid: Fast food.

    • Encouraged foods: Oatmeal, healthy snacks.

Essential Knowledge for Nursing Practice

  • Understand delegating tasks: Know who you are delegating to and their scope of practice.

  • Monitoring Patient Pain Levels: Keep in mind patients’ pain levels should be addressed regularly.