AP -World History - summer assignment notes!

### WHAP-AP World History Flashcards

1. Eastern Hemisphere: The half of Earth east of the Prime Meridian.

2. Western Hemisphere: The half of Earth west of the Prime Meridian.

3. Northern Hemisphere: The half of Earth north of the Equator.

4. Southern Hemisphere: The half of Earth south of the Equator.

5. Equator: An imaginary line dividing Earth into northern and southern hemispheres.

6. Continents/Identify (7): Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North America, Australia, South America.

7. Oceans (5): Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic.

8. Iberian Peninsula: Region in southwestern Europe, includes Spain and Portugal.

9. Asia Minor: Modern-day Turkey, historically significant area in Asia.

10. Dardanelles Strait: Narrow waterway in Turkey connecting the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara.

11. Mediterranean Sea: Large sea bordered by Europe, Asia, and Africa.

12. Caribbean Sea: Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, bounded by Central America, the Caribbean islands, and South America.

13. Mesopotamia: Ancient region in modern-day Iraq, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

14. Mesoamerica: Region extending from central Mexico to Central America, home to ancient civilizations.

15. Tigris & Euphrates Rivers: Major rivers in southwestern Asia, flowing through Iraq.

16. Nile River: Longest river in the world, flowing through northeastern Africa.

17. Mississippi River: Major river in the United States, flowing from Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico.

18. Amazon River: Second longest river in the world, flowing through South America.

19. Danube River: Major river in Europe, flowing through central and southeastern Europe.

20. Rhine River: Major river in Europe, flowing from Switzerland to the North Sea.

21. Yellow River: Major river in China, also known as the Huang He.

22. Yangtze River: Longest river in Asia, flowing through China.

23. Siberia: Vast region in Russia, extending from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean.

24. Caspian Sea: World's largest enclosed inland body of water, bordered by five countries.

25. Black Sea: Sea in southeastern Europe, bordered by six countries.

26. Red Sea: Sea between Africa and Asia, connected to the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal.

27. Suez Canal: Man-made waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.

28. Panama Canal: Man-made waterway in Panama, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

29. Mongol Empire Boundaries: Largest contiguous land empire in history, spanning from Europe to Asia.

30. Roman Empire Borders: Ancient empire centered around the Mediterranean, extending into Europe, Asia, and Africa.

31. Aztec/Maya/Inca locations: Ancient civilizations located in Mesoamerica and South America.

32. Mali Empire: Historical empire in West Africa, renowned for wealth and trade.

33. Ottoman Empire: Major empire centered in modern-day Turkey, spanning three continents.

34. Mughal Empire: Major empire in South Asia, primarily in modern-day India and Pakistan.