Basics Computer Programming

Programming: A process of designing or creating a program.
Programmer: A person who writes the program (e.g., Aldred Custodio).
Program: A set of step-by-step instructions that directs a computer to perform a specific task and produce required results.
Programming Language: A system of notation for writing computer programs.
- Writing games.
- Writing application programs.

Low-Level Language (LLL):
- Machine dependent.
- Machine Language: Only understood by machines, written in binary (1’s and 0’s).
  - First generation of programming language.
  - Only language that the computer directly recognizes.
  - Disadvantages: Extremely cryptic instructions, lengthy programs, machine-dependent, not portable.
- Assembly Language:
  - Allows programmers to communicate with the machine.
  - Second generation of programming language.
  - Uses symbols for codes (e.g., A = Addition, C = Compare).
  - Disadvantages: Difficult to learn, must use an assembler to convert, lengthy programs, machine-dependent, not portable.
High-Level Language (HLL):
- English-like, easier to understand.
- Must be converted to machine language before execution.
- Portable.

Translator Program: Translates source program to object program.
Source Program: Program written in HLL.
Object Program: Source Program translated into machine language.
Types of Translators:
- Assembler: Translates assembly to machine language.
- Interpreter: Translates HLL to machine language.
- Compiler: Translates source to object (machine language).