Three Types of Writing:

1. Narrative

2. Informative

3. Argumentative

MLA Heading:

1. Name 

2. Teachers name

3. Class

4. Date (day month year)

MLA Header:

1. Last name

2. Page number

MLA Title:

1. What two types of words should NOT be capitalized?

   1. articles

   2. prepositions

MLA Attention-Getters:

1. Question

2. Quote

3. Statistic

4. Story/Anecdote

5. Definition

6. Addressing/Acknowledging the opposite side

7. Analogy (simile, metaphor)

MLA Introduction:

1. Provide necessary background information 

2. Define terms

3. Give a historical overview

4. Inform the reader of a controversy

5. Stimulate your reader's interest

MLA In-Text Citations:

1. Book with one author: “Quote” (Author last name page #).

2. Book with two authors: 

3. Book with more than two authors: 

MLA Works Cited:

1. This is the basic Works Cited entry for a ___ book _____________:

Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date.

2. This is the basic Works Cited entry for an or page on a website with an author:

Author’s Last name, First name. “Title of the Article or Individual Page.” Title of the 

Website, Name of the Publisher, Date of Publication in Day Month Year format, URL.

3. This is the basic Works Cited entry for an ____________ or ______________ page on a website without an author:

“Title of Article or Individual Page.” Title of Website, Publisher, Date published in Day Month Year format, URL.

4. This is the basic Works Cited entry for an entire website:

Name of Website, Publisher, Date published in Day Month Year format, URL.

MLA Thesis:

1. Should be your argument

2. Should NOT be a question 

3. Should NOT include the words "I" or  "Me"

4. Should be the last sentence of your introduction

An effective thesis is...

1. Restricted -- Limit your thesis to what can be discussed in the space available.

2. Unified -- Expresses one idea

3. Precise -- Only one interpretation

4. Controversial-- About one idea about which reasonable people can disagree

Body Paragraphs:

When you use a quotation in your paper, you should do two things:

1. Explain what it means.

2. Discuss how it supports your Thesis.

When discussing a quotation, consider the following questions...

1. WHO  is saying the quote? 

2. What is happening in the SCENE when this quote is said?

3. WHY is this quote being said?

4. Look at the individual Words/Wording.

   1. Why did the author choose that specific Word over another?

   2. Do any of the words have Multiple meanings?

5. How does the quote relate to your Thesis?

6. How does the quote prove what you are trying to argue?

Topic Sentences:

1. A topic sentence is usually the First sentence of a paragraph.

2. Its main purpose is to clearly introduce the Topic or point of the paragraph.

A strong topic sentence...

1. Fits your paragraph, accurately reflecting what you've actually written

2. Is specific enough that your reader can predict what you will cover in that paragraph

3. Sets up the controlling idea of the paragraph, clearly indicating the point or claim the writer will illustrate, describe, explain, or analyze in the body of the paragraph

4. Helps your reader see how this paragraph relates to and advances/supports your thesis

Part 1 Continued -- You will NOT be able to use any notes for this part of the exam.

Literature:

Imagist Poetry (1909-1917):

1. Imagist poetry describes sensory images (objects you can experience with your senses--sight, smell, taste, touch, sound).

2. "The Red Wheelbarrow" written by William Carlos Williams

3. "The Great Figure" written by William Carlos Williams

4. "This is Just to Say" written by William

Modernism (1920s & 1930s):

1. "Chicago" written by Carl sandburg

2. "Grass" written by Carl sandburg

3. "The Corn Planting" written by Sherwod Anderson

4. "The Turtle" (Chapter 3 of The Grapes of Wrath) by John Steinback

5. "The Night the Ghost Got In" by James Thurber

6. Apostrophe -- literary technique where the speaker or narrator directly speaks to a person or thing

7. personication --  figurative language in which a non-human subject is given human qualities

Harlem Renaissance (1920s):

1. "Refugee in America" written by Langston Huges

2. "Dream Variations" written by Langston Huges

3. "Lift Every Voice and Sing" written by James Weldon Johnson

4. ""Yet Do I Marvel" written by Countee Cullen

World War II Literature (1940s):

1. A Separate Peace by John Knowles

1950s Literature:

1. "The Writer in the Family" by E.L Doctorow

2. The Crucible by Arthur Miller

3. "Harlem" by Langston Huges

4. A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraaine Hansberry

Beat Generation (1950s):

1. "Junkman's Obbligato" by Lawerence Ferlinghetti

2. On the Road by Jack Kerouac

Vietnam War Literature (1960s):

1. "Ambush" from the novel The Things They Carried by Tim O'Brien

Figurative Language:

Idiom

Hyperbole

Paradox

Simile
A simile is a figure of speech that compares two things, oftentimes using “like” or “as” to introduce the ideas.

Metaphor
A metaphor is a figure of speech that replaces another to imply a similarity.

Alliteration
Alliteration is a figure of speech that contains a series of words all beginning with the same consonant sound.

Allusion
Allusion is a figure of speech that is used to reference another text outside of the current piece being consumed ( famous )

Hyperbole
Hyperbole is a figure of speech where the author uses exaggeration to emphasize their point.

Oxymoron
An oxymoron is a figure of speech that uses contradicting terms to seem similar.

Personification
Personification is a figure of speech that takes non-human elements and gives them human traits or behaviors.

Onomatopoeia
An onomatopoeia is a figure of speech where the words being used sound like the noises being described in their respective texts.

1. Use a hyphen when writing out numbers

Ex. twenty-one to ninety-nine.

2. Use a hyphen with fractions used as adjectives.

Ex. one-half inch

3. Use a hyphen to connect two or more words used as one word.

ex. far-fetched

4. Use a hyphen to connect compound adjective unless it ends in -ly or is a proper adjective.

ex. hundred-story

5. Use a hyphen between words when necessary for clarity.

ex. cash-only