unit_6_consequences_of_industrialization

Unit 6: Consequences of Industrialization from c. 1750 to c. 1900

Understand the Context

• Technological change between 1750-1900 enabled historical transformations.

• Industrial growth led to increased exchange of commodities, wider imperialism, and migration.

Imperialism

• Heightened competition among industrializing states gave rise to a desire for colonies.

• Example: British strengthened control over India by direct governance.

• European colonization expanded into Africa during the late 19th century.

• Economic imperialism appeared in parts of Latin America and Asia.

• Europeans often justified their rule using Social Darwinism and religious ideologies.

• Major players in imperialism included:

  • Declining Empires: Portugal and Spain.

  • Expanding Empires: Britain, France, and Russia.

  • Emerging Powers: United States and Japan.

Resistance to Imperialism

• Anticolonial movements became part of a broader trend of nationalism.

• Resistance varied, including rebellions and religious responses.

• These movements foreshadowed 20th-century decolonization efforts.

Migration

• Industrialization and economic opportunity prompted long-distance migration.

• New transportation methods facilitated global urbanization.

• While many chose to migrate, coerced labor via slavery and indentured servitude also persisted.

• Migration reshaped demographics and cultures in both sending and receiving societies.

Key Events

• Serbia gained independence as the Ottoman Empire weakened.

• Túpac Amaru II led a rebellion against the Spanish in Peru (1780).

• Indian Rebellion against British rule (1857).

• Samory Touré fought the French in West Africa (1857).

• The Berlin Conference (1884) delineated African colonies among European powers.

• King Leopold II of Belgium expanded in Congo, leading to exploitation and oppression.

Topics and Learning Objectives

Topic 6.1: Rationales for Imperialism

• Ideologies justifying imperialism emerged between 1750-1900.

Topic 6.2: State Expansion

• Examine shifts in state power across the globe from 1750-1900.

Topic 6.3: Indigenous Responses to State Expansion

• Analyze factors influencing state-building processes.

Topic 6.4: Global Economic Development

• Evaluate environmental factors impacting global economic development (1750-1900).

Topic 6.5: Economic Imperialism

• Investigate economic factors driving global economy development.

Topic 6.6: Causes of Migration in an Interconnected World

• Examine environmental and economic drivers of migration patterns.

Topic 6.7: Effects of Migration

• Explore how migration patterns impacted societies from 1750-1900.

Topic 6.8: Causation in the Imperial Age

• Assess the significance of imperialism's effects from 1750-1900.

Rationales for Imperialism

Ideologies

• **Rudyard Kipling's