Anxiety disorders – Characterized by excessive fear and/or anxiety with related disturbances to behavior
Specific phobia - dysfunctional fear of a specific object or situation
Acrophobia - fear of heights
Arachnophobia - fear of spiders
Agoraphobia - fear of specific social situations, such as being in a crowd or being in an enclosed public space like a theater, that might cause feelings of panic or being trapped, helpless or embarrassed
Panic Disorder - characterized by frequent panic attacks – relatively brief but unexpected and overwhelming cognitive and physical symptoms of anxiety, such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, heart palpitations, sweating, and dizziness
panic attacks – relatively brief but unexpected and overwhelming cognitive and physical symptoms of anxiety, such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, heart palpitations, sweating, and dizziness ataque de nervios - culture-bound disorder identified mainly in people of Caribbean or Iberian descent, characterized by dizziness, difficulty breathing, accelerated heart rate, screaming, crying, aggression, and/or dissociative episodes in response to challenging social circumstances or traumatic events
Social Anxiety Disorder - an intense fear of being watched or judged by others, different from but sometimes overlapping with agoraphobia
Taijin kyofusho -culture-bound anxiety disorder experienced mainly by Japanese people in which people fear that their bodily functions or appearance will cause offence
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) - Excessive, constant and long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any particular object or situation, characterized by agitation, difficulty sleeping, worry, and/or tension
Potential causes of anxiety disorders include learned associations between and among stimuli, maladaptive thinking or emotional responses, and biological or genetic sources.
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders- Characterized by obsessions (unwanted thoughts) and compulsions (unwanted, often repetitive behaviors intended to deal with the obsessive thoughts)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - common obsessions include dirt/germs, fear of something bad happening, desire for order/symmetry; compulsions may include excessive hand-washing, counting, or ritualistic behaviors
Hoarding disorder- People with this have difficulty parting with possessions, creating clutter that interferes with normal functioning and causes distress
Potential causes of obsessive-compulsive disorders include learned associations between and among stimuli, maladaptive thinking or emotional responses, and biological or genetic sources.
Dissociative Disorders - Characterized by dissociations (departures) from consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior
Dissociative amnesia – sudden loss of memory, including about personal identity, with no physiological cause. May occur with or without fugue, when a person leaves their familiar environment
Dissociative Identity Disorder (formally known as Multiple Personalities Disorder) – a person reports having more than one identity. The identities may or may not be aware of each other.
Potential causes of dissociative disorders include experiencing trauma or extreme stress
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