LESSON 3 : ONLINE FORMATS FOR IMAGES AND TEXTS

Graphic files - stores the image as a collection of pixels.

Two basic types of of graphic files:

Raster-based

Vector-based

Raster-based file

- stores the image as a collection of pixels

- also referred to as bitmapped images

-cannot be scaled without distortion

Common type of raster-based file formats:

• Joint photographic experts group (jpeg)

  most popularly used on cameras and scanners it is also the format used in internet delivery and photo sharing.

• jpeg2000

  is an evolving format of jpeg developed with multiple compression techniques based on a wavelet technology.

• Tagged image file format (tiff)

  often the format of choice for a high quality master image the quality of the tiff is always as perfect as the original.

• Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

  widely used on the internet for graphics and logos with areas of solid color it produces a smaller file size with a limited number of colors.

• Portable Network Graphic (PNG)

  designed to replace gif are patent and license free and produce higher quality files than gif.

• Bitmap (BMP)

  relatively low quality files used most often in word processing applications.

• Photoshop Documents (PSD)

  native file format of adobe photoshop it is the default format of the layered images that may be adjusted with graphic elements.

VECTOR-BASED FILES

-stores an image as mathematical formulas programs use this mathematical formula to display and scale the image without distortion.

vector-based file formats include:

• Drawing interchange Format (DXF)

  widely used in computer aided design software programs, such as those used by engineers and architects.

• Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)

  widely used in desktop publishing software programs.

• Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM)

  widely used in many image oriented software programs.

• Shapefiles (SHP)

  use vector coordinates to store non-topological geometry and attribute information for features.

TEXTFILES

-often created in word processing software programs.

Text files includes:

• Proprietary formats

  such as microsoft word files, carry the extension of the software in which they were created.

• RTF or Rich Text Format Files

  supported by a variety of applications and saved with formatting instructions.

• Portable Document Format (PDF)

  contain an image of the page, including text and graphics. pdf files are widely used for read on file sharing. Adobe Acobat is, by far, the most popular PDF file application, although others are available.

VIDEO AND AUDIO FILES

-these files contain moving images and sound data. Are most often created and viewed in proprietary software programs and stored in proprietary formats.

LESSON 4 : PRINCIPLES AND BASIC TECHNIQUES IN IMAGE MANIPULATION

IMAGE MANIPULATION involves making changes to the appearance of a photo for various purposes , such as advertisements , magazines etc.

Different principles and techniques:

• Picking stock images - you have to consider first the file format of the image that you will be using whether jpeg, png, tiff etc.

• Rendering - this process is also called image synthesis.

• Shadow - used in manipulation is adding a shadow to the image to add realism. this makes the image appear real or alive.

• Proportion - it includes the proper placement of your images so that it will appear realistic.

• Color blending - all the images that you will use should blend perfectly with each other and

  should form a nice clear work which is pleasing to the eyes.

• Emphasis on details - there should always be an area of main focus that will draw the viewers eyes as he or she takes a look at the image.

• Combining multiple images - choose carefully the images you will combine and use to create a work of art.

• Enhancing a stock image - after deciding what images should appear on your composition, you may need to enhance it to your advantage.

OPEN SOURCE APPLICATIONS USED FOR IMAGE MANIPULATION

most popularly used open source application programs for image editing:

• Pixelmator - it handles even the largest photos with ease , replicates as many photoshop tools as are generally required. is arguably the best photo editor on a MAC

• Paint.net - it is one of the fastest free photo editors for windows with a capable feature set that stops just short of some of the professional manipulation tools.

• Adobe Lightroom - has enough tools even for professionals to avoid having to open up a seperate image editor including some of photoshops healing and manipulation tools.

• Aviary Photo editor - is a solid image editor with very capable image touch up and resizing tools now owned by adobe.

• Autodesk Pixlr - is a free jack of all trades photo editor with a solid tool set for almost any project.

• PaintShop Pro - is cheaper than its juggernaut of a rival but similarly capable. (Photoshops long standing rival)

• Serif PhotoPlus X7 - is a solid all - round image editor for windows from the company that created affinity photo for OS X. it has a decent set of tools, including lens correction tools and other favorites of photographers.

LESSON 5 : UPLOADING AND SHARING IMAGES ONLINE

Uploading and sharing images and other file types over the internet can be considered as content sharing.

Purposes of content sharing ranges from promoting business to target clients, gaining recognition in particular areas and sharing experiences with friends in social communities.

Filipinos are among the top users of social media/photo sharing sites in the world.

According to a study conducted by the Digital Global Overview in 2016, Filipinos spent an average 4.17 hours daily on social media. Brazil holds second place at (3.45 hours), followed by Argentina (3.32 hours), Mexico (3.32 hours), UAE (3.24 hours), Malaysia (3.19 hours), Indonesia (3.16 hours), Egypt (3.1 hours), Turkey (3.01 hours) and Saudi Arabia (2.55 hours).

Several things to consider in the best place to upload or share videos and images the following are:

• Storage space

• Cost of storage

• Quality

• Ease of use

• Ease of access

• Share ability

• Printability

• Privacy

Most popular social networking sites:

• Facebook

• Instagram

Different existin photo sharing sites:

• 500px

  it is a popular social network for photographers looking to share their best photos. it offers an image - focused design that puts your photos front and center, providing a clean and elegant way to display your best images.

• Flicker or Flickr

  it is the oldest and most widely known photo sharing social networking site to date. it offers 1TB of storage for free. flickr also offers a great selection of tools, extensive tagging features and support for both viewing and downloading photos at a variety of resolutions.

• Photobucket

  best for uploading and storing photos in their original sizes editing them organizing them hosting animated gif’s and printing photos on products. it has a generous collection of editing tools offered through a simple, east to use such as red eye removal , sharpening, and cropping.

• Shutterfly

  it offers a creative rang of photo gifts, including metal prints, wooden wall art, and battery cases for smartphones.

• Google

  Google rolled many of the features of its Picasa image-editing program into its Googlet photo-hosting service, which allows the user to do a lot of tweaking right in the Web inter-face. This includes auto enhance, crops and rotations, and filters such as Vintage, which adds a faded and scratched photo look. The Tune feature also offers a lot of power to fix things like white balance and overexposure, with a live preview that is surprisingly fast for an online service It is free for unlimited photos at Google's downsized standard size, which is sufficient for web sharing, or 15GB of full-size pictures.