Introduction to Communication Research
Introduction to Communication Research
COS 355
Instructor: Nick Carcioppolo, PhD
Preview
Questions/Observations from reading and reading quiz?
What is a theory?
Definition: A theory is colloquially understood as an idea about the process through which some system functions.
A theory comprises a set of hypotheses that aim to explain how, why, or when something occurs.
Relationship between theories and hypotheses: Theories can be seen as frameworks that guide the formulation of hypotheses; hypotheses are specific predictions derived from theories.
What are different methodological approaches?
Activity: Discussion on when to use specific methodological approaches to evaluate different research questions.
What is a Theory?
A theory encompasses two significant components:
An explanation of the processes involved in a certain system.
A collection of hypotheses that elucidate how, why, or when phenomena occur.
Research Methodology in Theory Design
To design and evaluate a theory effectively, researchers rely on a structured research methodology.
Methodological Approaches in Communication Research
Commonly Used Approaches:
Objectivist Approach:
Characteristics:
Utilizes quantitative methods.
Bases research on empirical data.
Involves numerical data analyses.
Emphasizes testability, replicability, and falsifiability.
Aspires for objectivity in research outcomes.
Interpretivist Approach:
Characteristics:
Employs qualitative methods.
Engages with empirical data such as texts and words.
Focuses on agreement and understanding values.
Acknowledges the uniqueness of each context and admits subjectivity in findings.
Summary Table of Differences
Scientific Theory | Quantitative Research | Interpretive Theory | Qualitative Research |
|---|---|---|---|
Prediction of Future | Testable Hypothesis | Clarification of Values | Understanding of People |
Explanation of Data | Practical Utility | Aesthetic Appeal | Community of Agreement |
Relative Simplicity | Reform of Society |
Practicing Methodological Identification
Next steps: Identify whether a given research question should be evaluated using quantitative or qualitative methods.
Discussion and practical activities to enhance understanding of methodological application in research questions.