WHII: Study Guide: European Nationalism   

Name: Kaylee Hui                                                                                                                                                    

Video Quiz Napoleon: Glory of France

1.       Napoleon is one of the greatest Military minds of all time.

2.       During the Italian Campaign Napoleon is able to revolutionize warfare.

3.       In 1799 Napoleon was able to seize control of the government through a bloodless a bloodless coup d’etat declaring himself First Consul. 

4.       Napoleon created a new code of laws , which included sweeping reform.

5.       In the name of peace and supporting the revolution Napoleon went to war with his neighbors. these wars are known as the Napoleonic Wars.

6.       In 1804 Napoleon declared himself Emperor of France.

7.       The French Empire gained territory from its neighbors through conquest becoming the greatest since the Roman Empire.

8.       England was the only country that continually succeeded against Napoleon.

9.       Napoleon made the catastrophic mistake of invading Russia.

10.    Of the 600,000 men in Napoleon’s army, 500,000 died or deserted while retreating from Russia. 

11.    1814, Napoleon is forced to abdicate and is exiled to the tiny island of Elba. Napoleon escapes from the island of Elba and returned to France. 

12.    Louis’ troops join Napoleon forcing Louis to abdicate his throne; Napoleon is again in control of France.

13.    At Waterloo Napoleon was defeated by the English led by Duke of Wellington.

14.    1815, Napoleon is forced to abdicate again and is sent to the tiny island of St. Helena, Napoleon died six years later in exile. 

Congress of Vienna

15.    Napoleon was Unsuccessful in his attempt to unify Europe under French domination. 

16.    Napoleonic Code:  Napoleon’s law code which included many reforms that were popular with the people.  (ex. Freedom of Religion)

17.    What are 2 effects of Napoleon’s legacy?

a. Growth of nationalism

b. Napoleonic Code

18.    What are the dates of the Congress of Vienna? 1814-1815

19.    Who are the key players (Countries) at the Congress of Vienna? 

a.        Austria

b.        Russia

c.         Prussia

d.        England

e.        France

20.    What person hosted the C of V? Prince Metternich of Austria

21.    The overarching goals of the C of V was to restore Europe back to the way it was prior to the French Revolution.  (No answer here, just know this.)

22.    What are the three specific goals of the C of V?

a.       “Balance of Power”- restore Europe to a balanced state where no one country had too much power.  Restore borders to pre-Revolution places.

b.       New political map of Europe! 

c.        Goals of the Congress of Vienna Napoleon had eliminated or combined many monarchies. Current rulers were afraid that France’s influence would spread to other countries 

23.    Napoleon’s Europe 1812: Be able to circle and identify: French Empire, United Kingdom (Great Britain & Ireland), Prussia, Austrian Empire, and Russian Empire

24.    After the Congress of Vienna 1815: Be able to identify: France, Russia, German Confederation, Prussia, Austrian Empire, Papal States, Piedmont-Sardinia, Kingdom of Two-Sicilies

25.    While Europe’s leaders will succeed to meet the goals of the Congress, what does it cause throughout Europe? Widespread anger

26.    What two political philosophies are created in the wake of the Congress of Vienna? Liberalism vs. Conservatism

Be able to complete the following chart:

27.    Liberalism                                                                                                                             Conservatism

All male property owners get vote                                  Who rules?                           Monarchs and nobles, inherited rule

Protect Rights, Liberty & Property                   Goals of Gov’t                      Keep order, maintain stability

 Republic with Constitution                                Form of Gov’t                       Monarchy based on heredity

Laissez faire- gov’t takes hands off business                  Economy                               Controlled by Nobles

Freedom of Religion                            Religion                                  Established State Church

Italian Unification

28.    What is Nationalism? Nationalism is the… desire of a people for self-rule

29.    What is Nationalism based on common cultures, language and heritage of a group of people.

30.    Whose event started nationalism in Europe? Napoleon’s occupation of Europe in the early 1800’s

31.    What did nationalistic people feel it was time to form? Their own nations

32.    How did nationalism grow?

a.       National pride

b.       Democratic ideals

c.        Economic competition

33.    What did cause did Sarah Parker Remond, a prosperous black American support in America by lecturing in Britain? (see lecture slide 4 if necessary, to answer) it was safer for her to talk about equal rights and anti-slavery in Britian than it was America because they were more tolerant.

34.    In contrast to continental Europe, the United Kingdom expanded political rights through legislative means and made slavery illegal in the British Empire.

35.    Italy (the place) was culturally important because Rome was the center of which church? The Catholic Church

36.    Italy also had a long history of classical civilizations.

37.    What three things divided Italy?

a.       Cultural differences

                                                               i.      Different dialects of Italian

                                                             ii.      Foreign control influenced Italians in different ways

b.       Economic differences

                                                               i.      Poor transportation

                                                             ii.      North had industry, South agriculture.

c.        Political differences

                                                               i.      The Congress of Vienna divided it politically

                                                             ii.      Spain and Austria controlled parts of Italy at various times.

38.      Looking at the political division of Italy prior to unification map, which 4 areas was Italy divided into?

a.       Kingdom of Two Sicilies ruled by a French king.

b.       Papal States ruled by the Pope.

c.        Sardina ruled by an Italian

d.       All the rest Austria controlled

39.    Giuseppe Mazzini was the Heart of the I.U. (Italian Unification).

40.    What failed thing did Mazzini led in 1848? A nationalistic revolution

41.    Who was the king of Sardinia who eventually became the King of Italy and was a leader in Italian Unification? Victor Emmanuel II

42.    Who was his Prime Minister who was responsible for uniting Northern Italy? Cavour

43.    What was the sneaky part of the Cavour’s plan that led to Austria and France going to war which led to Austria leaving Italy and Sardinia gaining control of Northern Italy? He made a secret alliance with France.

44.    Who as the military commander who gained control of Southern Italy and Sicily, eventually joining it with Northern Italy? Guiseppe Garibaldi

45.    What supported a union of the South and the North in Oct. 1860? A national vote

46.    In Feb 1861 The North and South were united under Victor Emmanuel II, what was the one place that remained to join? Central Italy (Papal States)

47.    Where did capital of Italy have to move to get the Pope to agree to unification? Rome

48.    After Italian Unification what country is born?  Kingdom of Italy

German Unification

49.    Prior to its unification What political organization made up most of what would become Germany? Holy Roman Empire

50.    Besides geography what major thing divided the German people? Religious Differences                                                                  

51.    What denomination of Christianity made up most of…

a.        Northern Germany?    Protestants (mostly Lutheran)

b.       Southern Germany?  Catholics

52.    Which war was the most significant in dividing and devastating the Holy Roman Empire? 30 Years War

53.    What percentage of Germans dies in this this war?     25-33%

54.    What major things tied Germans together? Common Language and traditions

55.    Napoleon dismantled the Holy Roman Empire, after the Congress of Vienna, German lands was organized how many states?

56.    The two dominant states of the 39 were longtime political rivals Prussia and Austria

57.    What did Prussia start as? A crusading state

58.    What geographic region did Prussia dominate? Northern Germany

59.    Prussia was famous for its strong and efficient Military

60.    What king of Prussia wanted to unite the German states into one country? King William (Wilhelm) I

61.    Who was the King of Prussia’s Prime Minister? Otto von Bismarck

62.    Two concepts the Prussian Prime minister believed in was…    

a.       "Blood and Iron"  a powerful military force to ensure Prussia’s place in the world

b. “Realpolitik”, justifies all means to achieve and hold power.

63.    Bismarck’s plan to united the German States under the banner of Prussia required a common cause war. This would ensure that all German united to defeat that enemy.  Then the victory would be used to justify the unification of the country. 

64.    The war that was used was the Franco- Prussian war.   

65.    Who won the Franco-Prussian War? Prussia (and Allies)

66.    What happened on January 18, 1871? Wilhelm I became Kaiser (king) of Germany

67.    His reign known as the…2^nd Riech

68.    Reich = German word for Empire.  No answer needed just know.

69.    Who became German chancellor? Otto von Bismarck

70.    Who fired Bismarck in 1890? Wilhelm II

71.    What did the aggressive Kaiser Wilhelm II want?  War