# of carbons

prefix

1

meth-

2

eth-

3

prop-

4

but-

5

pent-

6

hex-

Functional Group Name

Structure

Alkyl

Single bonded chain of carbons and hydrogens

for example: –CH₂–CH₃

Halogeno

F, Cl, Br, or I

Phenyl

Hydroxyl

–OH

Carbonyl

C=O

Ester

Carboxyl

Alkoxy

Amido

The R groups on the N can be C or H.

Amino