histology

Question N1 Graafian follicle is formed:

Answer: Before ovulation                                                                                                                                                                        

question N8 Crossovers are critical events:

Answer: In meiosis I, when the interchange of chromatid segments between paired homologous chromosomes is occur

Question N3 How many mature gametes has male from one primary spermatocyte after meiosis II:

Answer: Four mature spermatozoa

Question N4 Maturation of the sperm begins:

Answer: At puberty

Question N11 Gonadotrophin releasing hormone is produced by:

Answer: Hypothalamus

Question N6 Ovulation is induced by:

Answer: LH peak

Question N7 Which ovarian hormone regulates secretory phase?

Answer: Progesterone

Question N8 Which of the following cavities is not formed during second week of embryonal development?

Answer: Intraembryonic cavity

Question N9 Lacunae appear within:

Answer: Syncytiotrophoblast

Question N10 Intraembryonic cavity appears in:

Answer: Intermediate mesoderm

Question N11 Heart begins to beat on:

Answer: 21st day

Question N12 Which of the following processes is the beginning of morphogenesis?

Answer: Gastrulation

Question N13 Intraembryonic cavity is derived from lateral mesoderm.

Answer: true

Question N14 Ossification of the fetal skeleton is most active during 13 to 16 weeks.

Answer: true

Question N15 Central nervous system is derived from the surface ectoderm.

Answer: false

Question N16 The central tendon of the diaphragm is formed by septum transversum.

Answer: true

Question N17 Blood from the intervillous lakes drains back into the maternal circulation through the endometrial veins.

Answer: true

Question N18 The umbilical cord has one artery and two veins.

Answer: false

Question N19 Capillaries of pulmonary alveoli are larger in diameter than average systemic capillaries.

Answer: true

Question N20 Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium is found in bronchioles.

Answer: false

Question N21 Valves of the veins consist of thin, paired folds of ________ __________.

Answer: venous valves

Question N22 At the fourth week, the __________________ is responsible for the inflow of blood to the primitive heart.

Answer: sinus venosus

Question N23 The ____________________creates the heart tube by bringing together two precursor regions.

Answer: lateral folding

Question N24 The _____________________is one of the first body systems to appear within the embryo.

Answer: cardiovascular

Question N1 Which is the thickest layer for the veins?

Answer: Tunica adventitia

Question N2 Both ciliated epithelial cells and goblet cells are presented in all of the following except:

Answer: Alveoli

Question N3 The large numbers of alveolar macrophages that migrate into lumens of alveoli are derived from:

Answer: Monocyte in circulating blood

Question N4 Which type of fiber helps the trachea to adapt its shape during inspiration and expiration?

Answer: Elastin fibers

Question N5 Tertiary bronchi are characterized by:

Answer: Broken plates of hyaline cartilage

Question N6 Which cartilage of the larynx is made of hyaline cartilage?

Answer: A and B

Question N7 Which of following cells are found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles?

Answer: Clara cells

Question N8 What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis?

Answer: Elastic cartilage

Question N9 Which cells are located at the basal lamina of the olfactory mucosa?

Answer: Basal cells

Question N10 Alveolar macrophages are also called:

Answer: Dust cells

Question N11 An olfactory cells us:

Answer: None of the above

Question N6 After meiosis II four daughter cells are formed. They contain:

Answer: Haploid number of nonduplicated chromosomes

Question N13 The principal cells of parathyroid glands have round central nuclei and pale-staining cytoplasm

Answer: true

Question N16 The epicardium is a simple columnar mesothelium supported by a layer of loose connective tissue.

Answer: false

Question N17 Capillary beds are supplied by one or more terminal arteriole branches called metarterioles.

Answer: true

Question N18 The internal surface of all components of the cardiovascular system is lined by a simple squamous epithelium.

Answer: true

Question N19 Meiosis II of female germ cells is completed only if the oocyte is fertilized.

Answer: true

Question N20 Outer cell masses of blastocyst differentiate into epiblast and hypoblast.

Answer: false

Question N21 As the lungs develop, they acquire a layer of __________ ____________.

Answer: visceral pleura

Question N22 The laryngotracheal diverticulum maintains communication with ______ ___________ through the primordial laryngeal inlet.

Answer: primordial pharynx

Question N23 The narrow opening between vocal folds is called _______ _________.

Answer: rima glottides

Question N24 Lymphatic capillaries converge into larger ______ ________ with thin walls and increasing amount of connective and muscle tissue.

Answer: lymphatic vessels

Question N21 _____ Brachiocephalic trunk_____________ form the arteries of the aortic arch.

Answer:

Question N22 ______right sinus horn_____________ forms part of the right atrium and vena cava.

Answer:

Question N23 The left sinus horn becomes the __________________ which drains venous blood from the coronary vessels into the right atrium.

Answer: coronary sulcus

Question N24 The lining of the dorsal and ventral aspects of the developing heart grow small bumps called ________________.

Answer: endocardial cushions

Question N1 The placenta formed by:

Answer: the chorion frondosum together with the decidua basalis

Question N2 Peristaltic contractions of uterine smooth muscle causes by

Answer: Oxitocyn

Question N3 The maternal component of the placenta is derived from

Answer: the uterine endometrium

Question N4 The oxygen rich blood comes from maternal body into the intervillous spaces by the

Answer: Spiral arteries

Question N5 This hormone is excreted by the mother in the urine and is used as an indicator of pregnancy

Answer: human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question N6 Both ciliated epithelial cells and goblet cells are presented in all of the following except

Answer: Alveoli

Question N7 The large numbers of alveolar macrophages that migrate into lumens of alveoli are derived from

Answer: Monocyte in circulating blood

Question N8 Which type of fiber helps the trachea to adapt its shape during inspiration and expiration

Answer: Elastin fibers

Question N9 Tertiary bronchi are characterized by

Answer: Broken plates of hyaline cartilage

Question N10 Which cartilage of the larynx is made of hyaline cartilage

Answer: a and b

Question N11 Which cells are found in large numbers in the terminal bronchioles

Answer: Clara cells

Question N12 What type of tissue makes up the epiglottis

Answer: Elastic cartilage

Question N13 With increasing age many secretory cells of parathyroid gland are replaced with adipocytes

Answer: true

Question N14 The hypoparathyroidism can cause bones to become less mineralized and striated muscle to exhibit abnormal contractions

Answer: false

Question N21 Fertilization takes place in __________ tubes.

Answer: fallopian

Question N22 The ___________ and spongy layers are expelled from the uterus, and basal layer is the only part of the endometrium that is retained.

Answer: compact

Question N23 The embryo, amniotic sac and umbilical vesicle are suspended in the chorionic sac by the ___________ ___________.

Answer: connecting stalk

Question N24 Bilaminar embryonic disc is formed during _________ embryonal week.

Answer: 2 week

Question N13 Surfactant counteracts surface tension of the terminal sacs by preventing alveolar collapse.

Answer: true

Question N14 Before birth, the primordial alveoli appear as small bulges on the walls of terminal bronchoiles.

Answer: false

Question N15 Lung development is divided into three stages: the Pseudoglandular stage, canalicular and alveolar stages.

Answer: false

Question N16 Early in the fifth week of human development, the connection of each bronchial bud with the trachea enlarges to form the primordia of the main bronchi.

Answer: true

Question N17 The olfactory epithelium covers the roof of the nasal cavity.

Answer: true

Question N18 The truncus ridges may fail to spiral resulting in transposition of the great vessels

Answer: true

Question N19 In the normal fetal circulation, blood from the placenta bypasses the sinusoidal plexus of the liver by way of the ductus venosus

Answer: true

Question N20 Abnormal origin of the right subclavian artery results from abnormal obliteration of the right 7th intersegmental artery

Answer: false

Question N21 Respiratory distress syndrome, the leading cause of death in premature babies, is due to lack of _________

Answer: surfactant

Question N22 Type II pneumocytes are also called a ________ cells

Answer: septal cells

Question N23 The ________ is the functional unit of the respiratory system where gas exchange occurs

Answer: alevoli

Question N24 The __________ develops from the caudal part of the Hypopharyngeal eminence.

Answer: thyroid gland

Question N1 Which ovarian hormone regulates secretory phase

Answer: Progesterone

Question N2 Which of the following cavities is not formed during second week of embryonal development

Answer: Intraembryonic cavity

Question N3 Lacunnae appear within

Answer: Syncytiotrophoblast

Question N4 Intraembryonic cavity appears in

Answer: Intermediate mesoderm

Question N5 Heart begins to beat on

Answer: 21st day

Question N6 Which of the following processes is the beginning of morphogenesis

Answer: Gastrulation

Question N7 Somites are derived from:

Answer: Paraxial mesoderm

Question N8 Development of nervous system begins

Answer: During 3th week

Question N9 Cloaca is formed from the terminal part of

Answer: Hindgut

Question N10 Kidneys are derived form

Answer: Intermediate mesoderm

Question N11 Parietal layer of serous membranes lining the outside of the

Answer: Peritoneal, pleural, pericardial cavities

Question N12 Which of the following is not mesoderm derivative

Answer: Retina

Question N15 The cardiovascular system begins to develop during the third week

Answer: true

Question N16 The primitive heart is partitioned into four separate chambers during the fourth week.

Answer: false

Question N17 The Fetal and maternal blood vessels anastomose in the placenta

Answer: false

Question N18 During the neonatal period closes the ductus venosus

Answer: true

Question N15 Muscular Arteries are called "conducting arteries".     

Answer: false

Question N20 Perycites are find in the wall of all blood vessels

Answer: false

Question N10 Laryngeal muscles originate from myoblasts in:

Answer: Both B and C

Question N11 When segmental bronchi starts formation?

Answer: By the seventh week

Question N12 Name the stages of lung maturation in the correct order of weeks:

Answer: Canalicular stage – 16 to 25 weeks

Question N19 Intraembryionic cavity is derived from lateral mesoderm

Answer: true

Question N20 The body cavity finally will be subdivided into the one pleural, two pericardial and one  peritoneal (abdominal) cavity

Answer: false

Question N1 At birth, the following changes in circulation take place, EXCEPT:

Answer: Relaxation of the thoracic diaphragm

Question N2 Each of the following statements are correctly paired EXCEPT:

Answer: Right umbilical vein – definitive umbilical vein   

Question N3 The changes that normally occur shortly after birth include:

Answer: The umbilical arteries become medial umbilical ligaments

Question N4 What does the fourth aortic arch develop into on the left and right side of the body?

Answer: Left = arch of the aorta, right = right subclavian artery

Question N5 What does the ductus venosus become once it has closed?

Answer: Ligamentum venosus

Question N6 What is the name of the hole formed when the septum secundum grows downwards during the separation of the atria?

Answer: Foramen ovale

Question N7 The specialized group of mesenchymal cells which aggregate to form blood islands are called:

Answer: Angioblasts

Question N8 What is the name of the shunt that exists between the aorta and the pulmonary artery in fetal circulation?

Answer: Ductus arteriosus

Question N9 Which two parts of the primitive heart tube form the outflow tract?

Answer: Bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus

Question N10 The fetal left atrium is mainly derived from the:

Answer: Primordial pulmonary vein

Question N11 What leads to the closure of the foramen ovale?

Answer: Pressure in the left atrium exceeding that in the right atrium

Question N12 How would you best describe the folding that brings the primitive heart tube into the thoracic region of the embryo?

Answer: Cephalo-caudal folding

Question N19 Air moving across the vocal cords and causing them produce sound is contacting Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium.

Answer: false

Question N20 The pulmonary surfactant prevents alveolar collapse by increasing surface tension.

Answer: false

Question N14 The visceral pleura that covers each lung is a layer of thin connective tissue and mesothelium

Answer: true

Question N16 Epithelial lining of the larynx develops from the endoderm of the laryngotracheal tube.

Answer: true

Question N21 Thyroid hormones are carried in blood bound to _

Answer: albumin__

Question N22 Thyroid colloid contains the glycoprotein ________, the precursor for the active thyroid hormones.

Answer: thyroglobulin

Question N24 Chronic iodine deficiencies ________ thyroid hormone production.

Answer: decrease

Question N15 The principal cells of the parathyroid glands are small polygonal cells with round nuclei and slightly acidophilic cytoplasm

Answer: true

Question N16 PTH decreases the activity of osteoclasts

Answer: false

Question N4 Which small vessels supply blood to the tissues of the vessel?

Answer: Vasa vasorum

Question N5 What is the thickest layer of wall of the arteries?

Answer: Tunica media

Question N6 What is main function of carotid sinus?

Answer: Receptor of the blood pressure

Question N7 The lining of lymphatic vessels is composed of which of the following cell type?

Answer: Stratified squamous epithelium

Question N8 Which of the following would be least likely to be found in lymph fluid?

Answer: Red blood cells

Question N9 Which of the following is true for pericytes:

Answer: Are associated with capillary endothelial cells

Question N10 Which description is true for discontinues capillaries

Answer: Sinusoidal capillaries are found in the spleen

Question N11 Which of the following is the function of endothelium:

Answer: : All of the above

Question N12 Which of the following is true for atria:

Answer: Receives blood directly from veins

Question N8 Name of the connective tissues deeper layer which starts in endocardium and continuous with myocardium?

Answer: Subendocardial layer

Question N11 Which is most immature recognizable cell in myeloid series?

Answer: Myeloblast

Question N12 Which is the most abundant plasma protein?

Answer: Albumin.

Question N21 The roof of the nasal cavities and the superior conchae are covered by ___________ epithelium

Answer: olfactory

Question N22 _________________________ epithelium is in the Vocal cords

Answer: Stratified squamous

Question N23 The basal cells responsible for replacing olfactory neurons in every _______ month

Answer: 1 to 2

Question N24 _____ are type of WBC, that are secreted in response to allergic reactions, skin conditions, parasitic and fungal infections

Answer: Eosinophils

N21: Granulocytes possess three major types of abundant cytoplasmic granules.

N22: Veins have only one or two smooth muscle layers.

N23: Sinusoidal capillaries have very large intercellular clefts that allow proteins to pass from a tissue into the bloodstream.

N24: Eosinophilic-specific granules have flattened crystalloid cores containing major basic protein