Database Systems and Data Management

Data: Raw facts like employee numbers and hours worked.

Information: Organized data that has value beyond individual facts.

Knowledge: Understanding how to use information to support decisions.

Types of Data:

• Alphanumeric: Numbers and characters.

• Audio: Sounds or noises.

• Image: Graphic images.

• Video: Moving pictures.

Data vs. Information:
Data turns into information when organized. For example, a grocery list is more valuable arranged by aisle.

Creating Useful Information:
Defining relationships among data enhances its usefulness, based on knowledge. For instance, a shopper uses household needs to select items.

Simple Data Processing:
Data processing involves collecting, organizing, and analyzing.

The Value of Information:
High-quality information aids decision-making, improves efficiency, and can prevent financial losses.

Cost of Inaccurate Data:
22% of customer data can be wrong, potentially costing hundreds of thousands of dollars in wasted efforts.

Benefits of High-Quality Data:

• Accessible, accurate, complete, economical, relevant, reliable, secure, timely, and verifiable.

• Improves decision-making, customer satisfaction, sales, innovation, productivity, and ensures compliance.

The Data Hierarchy:

• Entity: A person or object for data collection.

• File: A collection of similar entities.

• Attribute: A characteristic of an entity.

• Domain: Range of allowable