Question N14 If venous return is increased, more blood goes to the heart and greater the heart muscle is stretched during filling, the greater is the force of contraction and the greater the quantity of blood pumped into the aorta. This principle is called

Answer: Frank-starling low

Question N15 An increase in blood volume will cause

Answer: All of the above

Question N16 The distribution of blood among the various organs of the body is regulated by the resistance of the

Answer: Arterioles

Question N17 Coronary blood flow mostly occurs during

Answer: diastole

Question N18 If alveolar gas has the same composition as humidified inspired air: PAO2 is 150 mm Hg and PACO2 is 0 and PaCO2 and PaO2 is decreased, V/Q equation will

Answer: Infinity

Question N19 Diffusion coefficient is highest for

Answer: CO2

Question N20 Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning associated with

Answer: decreased O2 content normal PO2, decreased saturation

Question N21 Non respiratory role of Respiratory system is

Answer: all of them

Question N22 Surfactant

Answer: reduces surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli

Question N23 What percentage of the carbon dioxide produced is transported via hemoglobin?

Answer: 20-25%

Question N24 Elastic recoil of the lungs

Answer: Prevents the lungs from collapsing

Question N25 Which of the following belongs to the cellular respiration?

Answer: oxidative phosphorylation

Question N26 Surfactant deficiency is NOT likely to produce

Answer: Increased compliance of the lungs

Question N27 Normal V/Q equation is

Answer: 0.8-1

Question N28 The highest resistance is in the

Answer: Medium sized bronchi

Question N29 The vagus nerves penetrate the lung parenchyma and secrete acetylcholine cause mild to moderate constriction of the

Answer: bronchioles

Question N30 When carbon dioxide is increased in the blood, it

Answer: Causes oxygen to bind more to hemoglobin

Question N31 Active hyperemia occurs when tissue ----------- rate increases.

Answer: metabolic

Question N33 The portion of end-diastolic volume that is ejected is called the _______ _________.

Answer: stroke volume

Question N34 The ------------ equals the inspiratory reserve volume plus the tidal volume plus the expiratory reserve volume.

Answer: vital capacity

Question N35 Most amount (70 %) of CO2 is removed from the tissue as -----------

Answer: bicarbonate ion (hco3)

Question N36 When the concentration of O2 in the air of the alveoli decreases below normal, the adjacent blood vessels constrict. This principle is called ------------

Answer: hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

Question N31 Listening to the sounds of the body, usually with the aid of a stethoscope, is called ------

Answer: auscultation

Question N32 -------- increases salt and water reabsorption by the kidney tubules

Answer: aldosterone.

Question N33 Reactive and active --------- are examples of metabolic control of local blood flow

Answer: hyperemia

Question N34 Cardiac weakness can be caused by deficiency of -------------- in the extracellular fluid

Answer: calcium

Question N35 Vascular remodeling may occur in response to a chronic increase in blood _______or blood ______

Blood pressure or blood volume.

Question N36 Decrescendo diastolic murmur that radiates to the left sternal border can be heard in -----------

Answer: aortic regurgitation

Question N7 During heart failure main reason of edema is decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure.

Answer: false

Question N8 The second heart sound is heard at the beginning of ventricular relaxation

Answer: true

Question N9 The anatomical dead space is independent of the tidal volume

Answer: false

Question N10 The ischemic effect on vasomotor activity can greatly elevate the mean arterial pressure

Answer: true

Question N11 Cardiac conductivity occurs through modified cardiac muscle fibers

Answer: true

Question N12 Cardiac muscle uses aerobic and anaerobic source of energy

Answer: false

Question N22 Regarding the pulmonary circulation

Answer: The resistance of the pulmonary circulation is lower than systemic circulation

Question N23 At which of the following sites does the blood flow loses the greatest amount of energy?

Answer: Arterioles

Question N21 The remaining volume in each ventricle after systole, about 40 to 50 milliliters, is called the

Answer: end-systolic volume

Question N1 Acetylcholine causes ------- of the S-A node

Answer: inhibition

Question N2 Capillaries are arranged in ___________ circuits.

Answer:parallel

Question N3 Heart sounds can be amplified and recorded on a _______.

Answer: phonocardiogram

Question N46 Structure which can open and close the entrance to the capillary is called

Answer: precapillary sphincter

Question N47 Frank-starling law shows relationship between ___ and stroke volume.

Answer: end diastolic volume (preload)

Question N48 Norepinephrine stimulates ___ receptors, which mediate the effects on

heart rate.

Answer: a1,a2 adrenergic

Question N4 Nitric oxide

Answer: has mainly a local action

Question N5 The growth of new blood vessels can be inhibited by

Answer: All of the above

Question N6 V/Q equation is more than 1 in

Answer: upper part of the lung

Question N7 Conductive system of the heart has capacity of creating heart rate, but not the same degree. What will be sequence of pacemakers (from high activity to low)

Answer: SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers

Question N8 In cardiac conductive system phase 1 is created by

Answer: Sodium funny channels

Question N9 Calcium source for the cardiac muscle mostly is

Answer: extracellular space

Note