chapter 11 and 12 vocab

Data Trail - An electronic record of the transactions or activities of a particular person, organization, etc. Especially with reference to a person's financial transactions,  cell phone and internet usage

Function Creep - the gradual widening of the use of a technology or system beyond the purpose for which it was originally intended, especially when this leads to potential invasion of privacy.

Fusion Center - (in the United States), are state-owned and operated centers that serve as focal points in states and major urban areas for the receipt, analysis, gathering and sharing of threat-related information between State, Local,  federal and private sector partners.

Government Intervention - is regulatory action taken by government that seek to change the decisions made by individuals, groups and organizations about technology, social and economic matters.

National Security Agency (NSA) - is a federal government intelligence agency that is part of the United States Department of Defense. NSA is in the Intelligence-gathering business, to protect national communications systems integrity and to collect and process information about foreign adversaries' secret communications in support of national security and foreign policy.

Slippery Slope - a course of action that seems to lead inevitably from one action or result to another with unintended consequences

Social Credit Score - China’s social credit system is a set of databases and initiatives that monitor and assess the trustworthiness of individuals. A good rating could offer priority health care or deposit-free renting of public housing, while a negative rating could see individuals banned from flights and trains.

Surveillance - is the monitoring of behavior, activities, or data for the purpose of information gathering. This can include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment, such as closed-circuit television, or interception of electronically transmitted information like Internet traffic or phone calls.

Business Analytics (BA):  is the process of transforming data into insights to improve business decisions.

Business Intelligence (BI): is the process of analyzing historical and current data, to uncover actionable insights for making decisions.

Data Warehouse: is a type of data management system that is designed to enable and support business intelligence (BI) activities, especially analytics. A data warehouse centralizes and consolidates large amounts of data from multiple sources

Dashboard: is an information management tool used to track, analyze, and display key performance indicators, metrics, and data points. Use a dashboard to monitor the overall health of your business, department, or a specific process.

Democratization of information:  is the process of making digital information accessible to the average non-technical user of information systems, without having to require the involvement of IT. 

Descriptive: this type of data tells what happened, hindsight

Predictive: This type of data describes what will happen, insight.

Prescriptive: This type of data describes how to make it happen, foresight.