Biology Mid Term- 2

4 stages of mitosis- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

What is the purpose of cytokinesis? To separate the mother cell into two daughter cells

68. The cell cycle results in the production of____ genetically identical__________ daughter cells.

69. In metaphase______, the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.

70. If a human skin cell with 46 chromosomes goes through the cell cycle, what will the result be- Two human skin cells with 46 chromosomes

71. Identify the stages of the cell cycle depicted in the diagram below:

1 -telophase

2 -interphase

3 -prophase

4 - cytokinesis

5 - anaphase

6 - metaphase

73. Explain the difference between cytokinesis in animal cells and plant cells- Plant cells form a plant, and animal cells form a cleavage furrow

74. Define each of the following terms, as they relate to enzymes:

Enzyme - a protein that lowers activation energy

Substrate - reactant which binds to enzymes

Active Site - enzyme’s catalytic site: substrate fits into active site

Product - end result of reaction, what is produced

75. What are three environmental factors that can affect the performance of an enzyme- Temperature, pH, concentration

76. When an enzyme is present, the activation energy of the reaction is lowered.

77. Copy and paste a picture of an energy vs time graph with and without an enzyme present:

78. Most enzymes have names that end in -ase.

79. Explain the difference between competitive and noncompetitive inhibition.- A competitive inhibitor competes with the substrate for binding at the active site of the enzyme