card cake

1. Intelligence: the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to

adapt to new situations

2. General Intelligence: according to Spearman and others, underlies all mental abilities

and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

3. Emotional Intelligence: the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

4. Achievement Test: a test designed to assess what a person has learned.

5. Aptitude Test: a test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the

capacity to learn. (p. 408)

6. Mental age: a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the level of

performance typically associated with children of a certain chronological age. Thus, a

child who does as well as an average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8.

7. Stanford-Binet: the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of

Binet’s original intelligence test.

8. Intelligence Quotient: defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological

age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ = ma/ca × 100). On contemporary intelligence tests,

the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.

9. Validity: the extent to which a test or experiment measures or predicts what it is

supposed to. (See also content validity and predictive validity.)

10. Reliability: the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the

consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternative forms of the test, or on

retesting.

11. Howard Gardner: The identifier of eight relatively independent intelligences including

verbal and mathematical aptitudes assessed by standardized tests.

12. Robert Sternberg: The founder of the triarchic theory of intelligence.

13. Alfred Binet: French psychologist who together with Théodore Simon invented the first

practical intelligence test, the Binet–Simon test.

14. Lewis Terman: The brain behind including the mental age divided by the chronological

age multiplied by one hundred for the IQ test.

15. David Weschler: developed well-known intelligence scales, such as the Wechsler Adult

Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children to get to know his

patients at Bellevue Hospital.

16. Chronological Age: the amount of time that has passed since someone was born,

measured in years, months, and days.

17. Weschler intelligence scale: An Intelligence Quotient test designed to measure

intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents. For children between

the ages of 6 and 16, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children is commonly used.

18. Group intelligence test: intelligence test that can be administered to a large group rather

than to a single individual.