Legal Bases of Physical Education:

ARTICLE 1 OF THE INTERNATIONAL CHARTER OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS.

• “The practice of Physical Education and Sports is a Fundamental right for all. And this right should not be treated as different in principle from the right to adequate food, shelter, and medical care.”

ARTICLE XIV, SECTION 19, 1986 OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES CONSTITUTION.

• “The States shall promote Physical Education and encourage sports programs, league competitions, and amateur sports including training for international competition to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and citizenry.

• “All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country and in cooperation with athletic club and other sectors.”

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5708 “THE SCHOOLS PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1969”

• “An integrated physical education and sports development program in all schools in the Philippines (section 2)… The goal is to instil in young citizens a proper appreciation of the importance of physical development hand in hand with the mental development in individual and social activities (1) and the provisions for a well rounded physical education program must be addressed to physical growth, social training, and personal discipline for all pupils and students as well as superior athletic achievement for those who are psychologically inclined and physically gifted (2).”

Physical Education in College

• Tertiary Physical Education Program builds on K to 12 PE curriculum by serving as the cornerstone of physical activity promotion efforts for health, wellness, and overall quality of life.

Consists of 4 PE courses with a total of 8 units;

1. PE 1 RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES

2. PE 2 BASIC SWIMMING

3. PE 3 GAMES AND TEAM SPORTS

4. PE 4 SURVIVAL TECHNIQUES.

Physical Education

• An integral part of the educational program.

• Promotes optimum development of an individual.

• Performed through properly selected physical activities.

Objectives of Physical Education

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

• acquisition and development of physical skills.

• Attained through regular exercises and participation in varied vigorous activities.

• Helps enhance the quality of life in many ways and can help keep body fat levels in normal ranges.

MENTAL DEVELOPMENT

• Acquisition of knowledge and understanding of rules and strategies of the games, sports, and dance instructions.

• Help students develop their ability to analyse body movements, skills and game situations.

EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

• Provide opportunities for self expression and emotional mastery.

• More positive balance of feelings (self-confidence, self-reliance, and self-control.).

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

• Acquisition of positive and desirable traits like cooperation, sportsmanship, friendliness, good leadership, respect for others and honesty in group competition.

• Provides development of inner self and soul. Experience helps students discover a personal meaning and purpose in life.

• Appreciation of what is good and beautiful.

FITNESS

• A condition in which an individual has sufficient energy to avoid fatigue and enjoy life.

5 Components of Health-Related Fitness

CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE

• Endurance - Ability to exercise continuously for extended periods without tiring.

• Aerobic Fitness Level - Dependent upon the amount of oxygen transported to the working muscles while efficiently using it.

MUSCULAR STRENGTH

• How much weight can be lifted one time.

• Power lifting is usually how people build their overall muscular strength.

4 BASIC MOVEMENT OF MUSCLE

• Flexion - bending a body segment.

• Extension - Straightening a body segment.

• Abduction - Moving a limb away from the body.

• Adduction - moving a limb towards the body.

MUSCULAR ENDURANCE

• How long you can lift the weight over time.

• bench jump, Modified dip (men), Modified push up (women), abdominal crunch, Abdominal curl-up.

3 TYPES OF MUSCULAR CONTRACTION

1. ISOTONIC - Muscle Contraction in which the muscle changes length either shortening (concentrically) or lengthening (eccentrically).

2. ISOMETRIC - Same length, Changing tension. No movement while a force is exerted against an immovable object (changing tension).

3. ISOKINETIC - Constant speed, different effort. Done with a machine that regulates the velocity or speed of the movement and resistance.

FLEXIBILITY

• Range of motion that is possible around a joint or joints.

• Can improve posture, balance and maintain joint health.

BODY COMPOSITION

• Relative amount of muscle, fat, bone, and other vital body parts.

6 Components of Skill Related Fitness

AGILITY

• Change and control the direction and position of the body while maintaining a constant, rapid motion.

BALANCE

• Ability to control or stabilise the body when a person is standing still or moving.

COORDINATION

• Ability to use the senses together with body parts during movement.

SPEED

• Ability to move your body or parts of your body swiftly.

• Many sports rely on speed to gain advantage over your opponents.

POWER

• Ability to move the body parts swiftly while applying maximum force of the muscles.

• Combination of both speed and muscular strength.

REACTION TIME

• Ability to reach or respond quickly to what you hear, see, or feel.

POSITIVE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

• Reduces the risk of premature death.

• Reduces the risk of developing and/or dying from heart disease.

• Reduces high blood pressure or the risk of developing high cholesterol.

• Reduces the risk of developing diabetes.

• Reduces or maintains your body weight or body fat.

• builds and maintains healthy muscles, bones, and joints.

• Reduces depression and anxiety.

• improves psychological well-being.

• Enhances work, recreation and sport performance.

• Reduces fatigue.

• Helps you relax and sleep better.

• Live healthier and longer.

• Live longer to enjoy your retirement.

• Look and feel better.

FITT Principle of Exercise

1. FREQUENCY - Regularity of your exercise. Find a balance drill that gives the body a challenge while giving it enough time to rest, adapt, and heal.

2. INTENSITY - How much effort you’ll put forth when exercising. To prevent injury or burnout, take care not to overload or over-strain your body.

3. TYPE - Enables you to reach your fitness objectives. Lifting weights is a good exercise for the muscles.

4. TIME - Length of time depends on the level and kind of exercise.