unit 7 appsy personality.
Personality traits: Characteristics that define an individual's consistent patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior.
The Big Five Model: A widely accepted framework for understanding personality, encompassing openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
Self-concept: How a person perceives themselves, which influences their behavior and interactions with others.
Personality development: The process through which an individual's personality evolves over time, influenced by biological, environmental, and social factors.
Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. He is famous for developing theories of the unconscious mind, the mechanisms of repression, and the significance of dreams. Freud proposed that human behavior is largely influenced by unconscious motives and conflicts, and he introduced concepts such as the id, ego, and superego to describe the structural model of the psyche. He also emphasized childhood experiences in shaping personality and coined terms such as "Oedipus complex" to explain certain emotional and familial dynamics.
Freud believed that human behavior is largely influenced by unconscious motives and conflicts. He introduced a structural model of the psyche that includes three components: the id, ego, and superego. The id represents our primal instincts and desires; the ego is the rational part that deals with reality and mediates between the id and the superego; and the superego embodies the moral standards and ideals we internalize from society and parents.
He emphasized the importance of childhood experiences in shaping an individual's personality, proposing that unresolved conflicts from childhood can lead to psychological issues in adulthood. Freud also developed the idea of mechanisms of repression, where individuals push distressing thoughts or memories out of conscious awareness, and emphasized the significance of dreams as a window into the unconscious mind. Among his notable concepts is the "Oedipus complex," which describes a child's unconscious desire for the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent.
Comparison of Id, Ego, and Superego
Id:
Represents primal instincts and desires.
Operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification.
Largely unconscious and does not consider reality or morality.
Ego:
The rational part of the psyche that deals with reality.
Operates on the reality principle, mediating between the desires of the id and the constraints of the superego.
Responsible for decision-making, problem-solving, and deriving realistic outcomes.
Superego:
Embodies moral standards and ideals internalized from society and parents.
Functions to control the id's impulses, especially when it comes to socially unacceptable behaviors.
Strives for perfection and judges actions, resulting in feelings of pride or guilt.
A popular movie that illustrates the dynamics between the id, ego, and superego is "Fight Club" (1999). In this film, the protagonist exhibits the conflict between these three components:
Id: This is represented by Tyler Durden, who embodies primal instincts, desires, and a rejection of societal norms.
Ego: The narrator represents the ego, struggling to balance his chaotic desires with the realities of his life and societal expectations.
Superego: The narrator's societal values and morals represent the superego, which judges his actions and seeks to mediate between the two conflicting parts of his psyche.
Through the narrative, the film explores themes of identity, consumerism, and the struggle between our baser instincts and societal expectations, making it a compelling example of Freud's concepts.