edu 349 midterm exam

Printable Flashcards for EDU 349 Exam #1 (Weeks 1-7)

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Flashcard 1  

Front: How does Behaviorism describe learning?  

Back: Learning is linking a stimulus to a specific response, like solving a math problem using a specific algorithm.

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Flashcard 2  

Front: How does Cognitivism describe learning?  

Back: Learning is the encoding, storing, and processing of information through problem-solving, deep processing, and organizing knowledge.

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Flashcard 3  

Front: How does Constructivism describe learning?  

Back: Learning is constructing understanding based on experiences and interactions with the world.

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Flashcard 4  

Front: What is Declarative Knowledge?  

Back: Facts, figures, and details about a subject, such as terminology, theories, and principles.

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Flashcard 5  

Front: What is Procedural Knowledge?  

Back: Knowing “how” to do something, including skills, processes, and algorithms.

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Flashcard 6  

Front: What is Conditional Knowledge?  

Back: Knowing when and why to use declarative and procedural knowledge in new learning situations.

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Flashcard 7  

Front: What are the three stages of learning?  

Back: Acquisition, Consolidation, and Storage.

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Flashcard 8  

Front: What happens during Acquisition?  

Back: Learners gain new content, skills, and understandings.

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Flashcard 9  

Front: What happens during Consolidation?  

Back: Learners process and make meaning of newly acquired knowledge.

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Flashcard 10  

Front: What happens during Storage?  

Back: Effective acquisition and consolidation lead to long-term learning storage.

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Flashcard 11  

Front: What are some challenges students face in learning?  

Back: - student fear, selective attention constraints, misconceptions, working memory capacity

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Flashcard 12  

Front: What are the seven Promising Principles of Learning? (Hint: MAERCPF)  

Back:  

1. Motivation  

2. Attention  

3. Elaborate Encoding  

4. Retrieval and Practice  

5. Cognitive Load  

6. Productive Struggle  

7. Feedback

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Flashcard 13  

Front: What are ways to facilitate motivation in the classroom?  

Back: Deep motivation, cooperative learning, effort-based attributions, student expectations, interest, self-efficacy, and prior success.

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Flashcard 14  

Front: What are nine strategies to improve memory?  

Back:  

1. Space encoding (spread out studying).  

2. Encourage deep processing (connect new info with prior knowledge).  

3. Use explanatory questioning (explain concepts verbally or in writing).  

4. Teach mnemonics.  

5. Present important information first.  

6. Use quizzes and practice tests.  

7. Keep study and testing conditions similar.  

8. Facilitate consolidation (ensure proper sleep).  

9. Provide retrieval practice opportunities.

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Flashcard 15  

Front: What are the three types of memory?  

Back: Short-term, working, and long-term memory.

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Flashcard 16  

Front: What is working memory?  

Back: The limited capacity of mental effort available to learners.

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Flashcard 17  

Front: What is retrieval practice?  

Back: The reactivation of learning through active processing, which strengthens memory.

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Flashcard 18  

Front: What are conditions that improve retrieval and practice?  

Back: Frequent self-testing and spaced practice.

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Flashcard 19  

Front: Why is sleep important for learning?  

Back: It strengthens memory consolidation over time.

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Flashcard 20  

Front: What is Low-Road Transfer?  

Back: Automatic transfer of well-practiced skills with little reflection.

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Flashcard 21  

Front: What is High-Road Transfer?  

Back: Conscious, deliberate application of general knowledge to a new situation.

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Flashcard 22  

Front: Why is High-Road Transfer difficult?  

Back: It requires recognition of similarities, abstraction of principles, and mapping connections to new problems.

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Flashcard 23  

Front: What are four teaching principles that support transfer?  

Back:  

1. Develop automaticity of skills.  

2. Encourage problem-solving across contexts.  

3. Use reciprocal teaching.  

4. Scaffold learning experiences.

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Flashcard 24  

Front: What is deliberate practice?  

Back: Targeting specific content or skills for improvement with focused effort.

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Flashcard 25  

Front: What is chunking?  

Back: Breaking information into smaller sections for better retention.

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Flashcard 26  

Front: What does SQ3R stand for?  

Back: Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review.

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Flashcard 27  

Front: What is cognitive load?  

Back: The amount of mental effort placed on a learner’s working memory.

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Flashcard 28  

Front: How can cognitive load be managed in the classroom?  

Back: Reduce unnecessary information and balance intrinsic, extraneous, and germane load.