Fall of Rome

• Fell in 395 AD

• Invaders

  • Germanic forces

  • the Huns

• Civil War

• social and economic issues

• split into western and eastern halves

• continuation of “Roman” identity

• Justinian (527) and his campaigns

  • Caesar renewed

• Risks and responsibilities of the emperor

  • church and state

  • assassinations

Justinian and what life was like in Byzantium

• wealthier than the west

• Justinian code

  • 5,000 laws

  • a law textbook

  • quotes from many legal minds

• Building projects

  • Hagia Sophia

  • palace

• Entertainment

  • hippodrome

  • polo

  • street acts

• Trade

  • spices

  • purple dye

  • precious gems

  • oil

  • fish

The Great Schism

• 1054

• Filioque - (and the son)

• patriarchs having too much power

  • pope in the west, patriarch in the east

• issues over how to eat the Lord’s Supper

• Excommunicated each other

The Seljuk’s

• Founder - Togrhil Beg

  • chose Isfahan

• Gained favor with Persians and looked to them for guidance and education

• Arabic language almost disappeared

• Seljuks learned to take from conquered cultures

War (This should hopefully cover all that you need to know for the battle of Manzikert & the first crusade)

• The Crusades

  • Key people

    • Pope Urban ll

      • Called for Crusade

    • Alexis l Comnenus

      • Byzantine Emperor who asked for help

      • Had the Seljuks and Fatamids at his doorstep

    • Peter the Hermit

      • Preached about the crusade (basically a recruiter)

      • Led the “people’s crusade”

• Jerusalem fell to the first crusaders in 1099

  • would keep until 1187, when military leader Saladin conquered it for the Seljuks

• The Mongols

  • After the Mongols would fall, the Ottomans would take their place

Tang Dynasty

• Origins in the Sui dynasty (Sui Wendi)

  • Grand Canal

• Founding of the dynasty

  • Li Yuan (618-626)

  • Tang Taizong (627-649)

    • reconquered surrounding lands

  • Wu Zhao

    • first empress

    • campaigns against Korea

Song Dynasty

• Lasted from 960-1279

• Song Taizu

• Smaller empire than Han and Tang

• Created capital at Hangzhou, in southern China

  • Increasingly important location for trade and overall economic growth

Innovations

• Population doubled to 100 million

• End of Song dynasty - 10 cities with 1 million people

• Moveable type

  • similar to Gutenberg’s printing press

• Gunpowder

  • cannons

  • first “modern” fireworks

• Porcelain

• Literature

  • Li Bai (701-762)

    • Drinking Alone Beneath the Moon

    • Quiet Night Tonight

  • Du Fu (712-770)

    • Chunwang

    • Moonlight Night

• Art

  • Nature

  • “Black is ten colors”

• Special rice

  • ripened quickly, giving two harvests each year

• Magnetic compass

  • became one of the most powerful navies in the world

• Spread of Buddhism

• Importance of teas

  • tea classic

  • spread to Japan

Genghis Khan’s success

• Temujin

  • Named Genghis Khan (universal ruler)

  • Reasons for success

    • organization

    • strategy

    • new technology

    • terrorism

Kublai Khan’s reign

• victory over China and first foreign emperor

  • established the Yuan DYnasty

    • United china

  • Increased trade, NO cultural interference

Japenese Civilization throught the Heian period

• 794-1185

• ELaborate rules and rituals

  • sword length

  • color of robes

• writings

  • Lady Murasaki Shikibu

    • Tale of Genji - first novel