Genes - molecules of DNA. Physical basis of all traits in an organism and the information the body need to make protein.
Allele - variation of gene.
Usually in a heterozygous trait, the dominant allele are expressed while recessive are masked out. But in some cases when the dominant allele are damaged, the recessive allele will take over.
Chromosomes - rod shape inside the nucleus that contains gene
Locus - location of gene.
Human have 46 chromosomes. Male have 44 body chrom and 2 sex chrom (XY), female have 44 body chrom and 2 sec chrom (XX).
Hybrid - offspring of two parents that differ in heritable characters. Like a combination of traits from both parents into their offspring.
Dominant allele - form of gene that is fully expressed when two alleles are present.
Recessive allele - only expressed in the absence of dominant allele.
Genotype - genetic code of an individual. Like the combination of allele that contributes to the phenotype. Expressed in letters; big letter of dominant and small letter for recessive).
Phenotype - observable factors expressed of an individual from the genotype.