History

1. Mexica (14-16th century)
Indigenous people from Mesoamerica that were known for their brutal human sacrifices in the exchange of crop growth.

2. Reconquista (8th-15h Century)

Christian kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula that fought to reclaim land (Granada) from the Muslims/Jews in 1492. After becoming successful, King Ferdinant and Queen Isabella implemented policies that forced jews to convert or face exile, while Muslims were exiled completely. 

3. Italian Renaissance (14th-17th Century)

• A cultural movement in Italy (14th-17th centuries) that marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity with the comeback of art featuring Leonardo Da Vinci, literature, science, and philosophy. 

4.  Baldassarre Castiglione
- An italian diplomat and author of “The Book of Courtier” which shaped aristocracy behavior and encouraged the nobility to become more educated 

5. The house of Medici

• A powerful family banking in Florence, Italy that funded the Renaissance, shaped European banking, and aided the economy of Florence.

6. Henry VIII

• King of England and member of the Tudor dynasty known for his several affairs to find a male heir and his establishment of the Church of England after his disagreements with the Catholic Church

7. Purgatory 

• It was an ideology that the Catholic Church created in order to manipulate people into their salvation, and purchasing indulgences to reduce their time in it.

8. Protestant Reformation
- A religious movement that challenged the Catholic church’s credibility due to the corruption of selling indulgences to shorten time in “purgatory”

9. Martin Luther 

• A German of Christian faith who questioned the credibility of the Catholic Church which lead to a Diet (trial) of Worms held by the Roman Empire. After his rescue, he gets married, and creates the LUTHERAN CHURCH translating the Bible in German

10. Elizabeth I

• One of the few children that King Henry had w/ his affairs

• She became Queen after outlasting Mary I

• Established Protestantism in England