Unit 8 Psychology

Psychodynamic view of personality

Role of the unconscious

Ego defense mechanisms

• Denial

• Displacement

• Projection

• Rationalization

• Reaction formation

• Regression

• Repression

• Sublimation

Projective tests to assess personality

Humanistic psychology

• Unconditional (positive) regard (UPR)

Self-actualizing tendency

Social-Cognitive view of personality

Reciprocal determinism

Self-efficacy

Self-concept

Self-esteem

Trait view on personality

Big Five Theory

Openneness

Conscientiousness

Extraversion

Agreeableness

Emotional stability (neuroticism)

Personality inventories (none specifically listed)

Factor analysis

Drive-reduction theory

Homeostasis

Arousal theory

Optimal arousal

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Self-determination theory

Intrinsic motivation

Extrinsic motivation

Incentive Theory

Instincts

Lewin’s motivational conflicts

• Approach-approach

• Approach-avoidance

• Avoidance-avoidance

Sensation-seeking theory

• Experience seeking

• Thrill or adventure

• Disinhibition

• Boredom susceptibility

Eating motivation

Ghrelin

PPY

Leptin

Hypothalamus and pituitary gland

Hunger and satiety

External factors (cues)

Set-point

Cognitive Appraisals

Emotion/affect

Broad historical views of how an emotion unfolds (not by name)

Facial-feedback hypothesis

Broaden-and-build theory

Universality of emotional expression

(anger, disgust, sadness, happiness, surprise, fear)

Display rules

Health psychology

Stress and immune suppression, hypertension, headaches

Stressors (eustress vs. distress)

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)

General adaptation syndrome (alarm, resistance, exhaustion)

Fight-flight-or-freeze response

Tend and befriend theory

Problem-focused coping

Emotion-focused coping (deep breathing, meditation, medication)

Positive Psychology (focus on well-being, resilience, positive emotions, psychological health)

Gratitude increases subjective well being

Signature strengths

• Wisdom

• Courage

• Humanity

• Justice

• Temperance

• Transcendence

• posttraumatic growth

• Abraham Maslow (Hierarch of Needs)

• William James and Carl Lange (James-Lange Theory)

• Walter Cannon and Philip Bard (Cannon-Bard Theory)

• Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer (Schachter-Singer Theory)

• Richard Lazarus