Unit #2 Government

Levels of Gov:

1. Provincial - who: premier Doug Ford, lieutenant governor Edith Dumont, 124 members of provincial parliament (MPPs Jill Dunlop)  where: Queens park toronto (capital) jurisdiction: Ontario, what: OPP, healthcare, Driving (400 highways), LCBO, Education, Ontario courts, Laws (lieutenant governor approves all laws passed by 10 provinces & 3 territories)

2. Federal -  who: Pm justin trudeau, GG Right Honourable Mary Simons, Senate: sober second thought, can start new bill (s-01) but no $$, 338 Mps, Political parties Ndp, liberal, conservative, green party, bloc quebecois (169 seats= majority gov. Where: Parliament Ottawa Ontario (Canada’s Capital) What: RCMP, postal, passports, borders, Banks, CDSA, Military, Federal court, Laws (governor general)

3. Municipal -  who: Mayors, Bill Gordon (mayor of midland), city/township Councillors, Where: township office, city hall, town hall, township building: Midland, jurisdiction: city or town, what: OPP or Local police, animal care (control officers), garbage/road cleaning, Public transit, parks + rec., by-laws.

   How a Bill becomes a Law:

Private Members Bill: anyone can propose the bill… Everyone can vote with what their riding wants.

Party Bill: Important to the party… All party members are told to vote with their leader (or risk being kicked out)

a) Federal:

people involved - House of commons, senate, Governor general

Steps involved:

• first reading (read out loud, give it a number, vote= pass or kill)

• second reading (read out loud, debate & vote)

• third reading (read 2x, make changes, report, fix, vote)

• Senate (Read bill, go to experts, make changes = back to h of c, vote to pass or kill)

• Governor General: can kill or sign to give royal assent

b) Provincial:

people involved - Premier, MPPs, comittee, lieutenant governor

Steps involved:

• first reading (Read, give it a number, vote = pass or kill)

• second reading (read, debate, vote)

• comittee (legislature invites public hearings, specialists, make suggestions to modify bill, write a report & pass it back to legislature)

• third reading (read again with report, vote)

• Royal Assent (lieutenant governor reads it, can sign it or kill it)

Cases:

Trembley vs Daigle - Tremblay and Daigle were to be married and were expecting a child, but their relationship deteriorated. Tremblay was allegedly abusive towards Ms. Daigle and because of this Daigle decided to end the relationship and terminate her pregnancy. Mr Tremblay was granted an injunction restraining Daigle from proceeding with the abortion. Daigle appealed to end the injunction and it was dismissed by the court of appeal. Daigle then appealed to the supreme court of Canada, but proceeded with the abortion before the supreme court made a decision. Canadian Courts found that a foetus has no rights and it is the womans decision whether or not to have an abortion. The quebec charter did not include fetus in the term “human being”, so Daigle’s injunction was unfair.

Sabrinas Law - Legislation that protects students and staff with life threatening allergies. Ensures school boards establish and maintain a policy to reduce risk of exposure in classrooms and common areas. Individual plans also must be made for students with allergies (type, monitoring, avoidance, treatment). Enacted in 2006 after the death of Sabrina Shannon. Sabrina was severely allergic to peanuts and had a reaction to cross contaminated cafeteria food that led to her death. Her parents petitioned the government to protect other students like Sabrina. Allergies are now part of the Ontario Human Rights Law, meaning it is now considered a disability and is not to be discriminated against.

Ryans Law - Ryans law was created after Ryan Gibbons died of an asthma attack during recess in 2012. Ryans law received royal assent on May 5th 2015. Due to this law students are now allowed to have medication with them and individual safety plans are required for students with asthma.

Good Samaritan Act - Law allows anyone to provide emergency first aid to a person who is ill, injured, or unconscious. Protects the person from being sued for injuring the person needing help. (unless grossly negligent)In place since 2001.

Terms:

Constitutional monarchy - Government shares power with the British Monarchy. GG represents King Charles.

Prime Minister - Justin Trudeau, head of government, leader of Canada and a specific political party.

Governor General/Head of State - Her exellence the right honourable Mary Simons, King Charles = head of state. GG represents the king, signs all new laws, head of armed forces, dissolves parliament to have an election, name new pm, gives awards, travel and speaks to citizens.

Canada’s Constitution - “How to” for governing Canada. Outlines Canadian rights and laws.

Entrench - Shove into constitution.

Charter of Rights and Freedoms - Protects the rights that are given Canadians at birth. Ensures that rights cannot be infringed.

“ To Treat Others the Same, Sometimes You Have To Treat Them Differently”

Meaning - Some people need certain exceptions to have the same access and opportunities as everyone else.

Cases to Support the Idea - Sabrina’s law, Bill 21, Tawney Meoirin Case.