Page 4: Content Standard

• Focus: Understanding intersubjective human relations.

Page 11: Dimensions of Poverty

• Key Areas: Income, Health, Education, Empowerment, Working Conditions.

Page 13: Intersubjectivity

• Concept of shared understanding among individuals

Page 14: Jurgen Habermas’s Theory Of Communicative Action

• Key Validity Claims for Effective Conversation:

  • Comprehensibility: Use of ordinary language.

  • Truth: how true uttered statements are, in relation to objective facts.

  • Truthfulness: Speaker’s genuine intention.

  • Rightness: acceptable tone and pitch of voice

Page 15: Subject vs Object

• Differentiation between the roles and perceptions of subjects and objects in interactions.

Page 16: Intersubjectivity Overview

• Definition:

  • It is the condition of a man, a subject,among other man, who are also subjects.

  • it refers to shared awareness and understanding among persons

  • Made possible by the awareness of oneself and others.

Page 18: Martin Buber’s Philosophy

• Key Relational Concepts:

  • I-Thou Relation vs I-It Relation:

    • I-Thou: Deep, genuine relationships acknowledging each other as equals.

    • I-It: Treating others as objects; lacks genuine connection.

Page 19: Martin Buber - Philosopher

• Austrian-born Israeli Jewish philosopher renowned for his dialogue philosophy focusing on interpersonal relationships.

Page 20: Philosophy through Dialogue

• Buber’s dialogue reflects the quality of interaction that fosters connections and relationships.

Page 21: Quote by Martin Buber

• "The world is not comprehensible, but it is embraceable: through the embracing of one of its beings."

Page 23: Dialogue

• Definition:

  • Genuine relationship that occurs when two individuals acknowledge each other's presence and treat each other as equals.

Page 25: Individual vs Group Existence

• Concept:

  • Individual existence is enclosed with group existence, emphasizing social connection.

Page 27: Buber's Social and Interhuman Sphere

• Definitions:

  • Social: Life of a group based on shared experiences.

  • Interhuman: Dialogue-based life, marked by the "I-Thou" connection.

Page 28: The Challenge of Human Relationships

• Emphasizes treating people as "Thou," requiring:

  • Listening, humility, and love.

Page 29 & 30: Characteristics of Monologue

• Obstacles to Dialogue:

  • Seeming: Presenting oneself inauthentically.

  • Speechifying: “personal making present”

  • Imposition: Dominating or manipulating conversation.

Page 33: Hindrances to Interhuman Relationships

• Casting aside pretense to eliminate hypocrisy and promote authentic interactions.

Page 34: Genuine Dialogue Characteristics

• Maintains faithfulness, respect, and truthfulness between partners.

Page 35: Human Relationships

• Humans naturally seek meaningful relations that shape identity and destiny.

Page 36: Empathy

• Definition: Sharing emotions and understanding others by recognizing their thoughts and feelings.

Page 37 & 38: Empathy in Action

• Empathy: Enables experiencing another’s emotions and actively placing oneself in their situation.

• “filling-in the shoe of others”

Page 39: Sympathy

• Definition: Understanding and reacting to another’s distress, from a perspective-focused viewpoint.

Page 40: Availability

• Definition: Willingness to be present and assist others.

Page 41: Ethics of Care

• Theory Overview: Emphasizes moral obligations to respond to others’ needs and providing help.

Page 42: I-It Relationship

• Definition: World of experience where interactions are treated as objectified, lacking genuine connection.

Page 43: Nature of I-It Relationships

• In these interactions, individuals treat others as objects serving personal interests.

Page 44: Detached Interactions

• In “I-It” relationships, the connection is characterized by separation and detachment.

Page 47: I-Thou Relationship

• Definition: Mutual, reciprocal connection that fosters true dialogue without objectification.

Page 51: Buber's Insight

• Quote: "Through the Thou a person becomes I."

Page 52: Karol Wojtyla (St. Pope John Paul II)

• Emphasizes shared humanness and interdependence among individuals.

Page 53: Filipino Philosophical Perspectives

• Key Attributes: Personhood, humanness, openness, empathy, generosity, mutual assistance, sensitivity, trust, gratitude.