Genetics and Medicine Quiz Review Notes

Overview

• Course Information:

  • Course: 2409_INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY [2409_BIOL_1010_02]

  • Student: Nicholas Saintvil

  • Test: Genetics and Medicine Quiz

  • Date Started: 10/11/24 at 10:02 AM

  • Date Submitted: 10/11/24 at 10:10 AM

  • Status: Completed

  • Score: 46 out of 50 points

  • Time Elapsed: 8 minutes in a 40-minute timeframe

Key Concepts and Answers

Questions and Answers

1. Promoter Region & Lac Repressor in E. coli

   • Statement: The promoter region is the binding site for the lac repressor in E. coli.

   • Selected Answer: False

   • Correct Answer: True

2. Introns in mRNA

   • Statement: Introns are non-coding and not included in the final mRNA that is translated.

   • Selected Answer: False

   • Correct Answer: True

3. Rosalind Franklin's Nobel Prize

   • Statement: Rosalind Franklin was awarded a Nobel Prize for her work in DNA x-ray diffraction.

   • Selected Answer: False

   • Correct Answer: True

4. Nitrogenous Bases and Protein Synthesis

   • Statement: The order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of amino acids in proteins.

   • Selected Answer: True

   • Correct Answer: True

5. tRNA and Transcription

   • Statement: tRNA is required for transcription.

   • Selected Answer: False

   • Correct Answer: False

6. Epigenetic Modification

   • Question: Which of the following is an example of an epigenetic modification?

   • Selected Answer: Methylation of DNA that silences a specific gene.

   • Correct Answers: Other options clarified.

7. Metaphase Stage of Mitosis

   • Question: What happens during metaphase?

   • Selected Answer: Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell.

   • Correct Answer: Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell.

8. Frameshift Mutation Example

   • Question: Which sentence variation is most like a frameshift mutation?

   • Selected Answer: The dod idn ote at.

9. Lac Operon in Presence of Lactose

   • Question: What happens to the lac operon?

   • Selected Answer: The operon is turned on, and genes for lactose metabolism are transcribed.

   • Correct Answer: Same as selected.

10. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) Binding

    • Question: Where do miRNAs typically bind?

    • Selected Answer: To messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.

11. Transcription Factors

    • Selected Answer: Attach to DNA.

12. Ribosome Composition

    • Selected Answer: Ribosomes are composed of RNA and protein.

13. DNA Double Helix Structure

    • Selected Answer: Hydrogen bonds hold the strands together.

14. Zygote Chromosome Number

    • Selected Answer: A diploid chromosome number - one from each parent.

15. Role of Transcription Factors

    • Selected Answer: To regulate the initiation of transcription by binding to specific DNA sequences.

16. RNA Production Enzyme

    • Selected Answer: RNA polymerase.

17. Eukaryotic DNA Replication Direction

    • Selected Answer: 5’ -> 3’ direction.

18. Genetic Code Units

    • Selected Answer: Three-nucleotide sequences.

19. DNA Replication Outcome

    • Selected Answer: Two DNA molecules, each with one new strand and one original strand.

20. Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

    • Selected Answer: DNA -> RNA -> Protein.

21. Function of RNA Polymerase

    • Selected Answer: To transcribe DNA into RNA.

22. Function of siRNAs

    • Selected Answer: To turn off gene expression.

23. Regulatory RNA Types

    • Selected Answer: MicroRNA.

24. Codons for Amino Acids

    • Selected Answer: 6 codons needed for 6 amino acids.

25. Responsible for Mutant Fruit Fly Appearance

    • Selected Answer: A mutation in a hox gene.

26. Lac Operon Function

    • Selected Answer: Prevents lactose-utilizing enzymes from being expressed when lactose is present.

27. Meiosis Occurrence

    • Selected Answer: False (Meiosis occurs in germ cells only).

28. RNAi Mechanism

    • Selected Answer: False (RNAi functions in many organisms, not just plants).

29. Hox Genes Similarity

    • Selected Answer: False (Hox genes are similar across species).