Untitled Flashcards Set

Terminology

1. Modernism
   Definition: A broad cultural movement embracing innovation and rejecting traditional forms in art, literature, and architecture.
   Example: Pablo Picasso’s Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907) exemplifies modernist rejection of realism.

2. Fauvism
   Definition: An early 20th-century movement characterized by bold, non-naturalistic colors.
   Example: Henri Matisse, Bonheur de Vivre (Joy of Life) (1905–06).

3. Die Brücke
   Definition: A German expressionist group emphasizing raw emotion and bold colors.
   Example: Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Dresden (1908).

4. Primitivism
   Definition: The appropriation of non-Western art styles by modern artists.
   Example: Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907).

5. Analytic Cubism
   Definition: The early phase of Cubism, featuring fragmented forms and monochromatic colors.
   Example: Georges Braque, Houses at L’Estaque (1908).

6. Synthetic Cubism
   Definition: The later phase of Cubism incorporating collage elements and brighter colors.
   Example: Pablo Picasso, Still Life with Chair Caning (1912).

7. Dada
   Definition: An anti-art movement reacting to World War I, emphasizing nonsense and chance.
   Example: Marcel Duchamp, Fountain (1917).

8. Readymade
   Definition: Ordinary objects designated as art by an artist.
   Example: Marcel Duchamp, Bottle Rack (1917).

9. Surrealism
   Definition: A movement focusing on dreams, the subconscious, and unexpected juxtapositions.
   Example: Salvador Dalí, The Persistence of Memory (1931).

10. Abstract Expressionism
    Definition: A post-WWII movement emphasizing spontaneous, expressive brushwork.
    Example: Jackson Pollock, Number 1A, 1948 (1948).

Key Artworks

1. Henri Matisse, Blue Nude: Memory of Biskra (1907)

   • Example of Fauvism, using vibrant color and simplified forms.

2. Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907)

   • Early Cubist work challenging traditional perspective and influenced by African art.

3. Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space (1913)

   • Futurist sculpture capturing movement and industrial dynamism.

4. Hannah Höch, Cut with the Kitchen Knife Dada (1919)

   • A photomontage critiquing Weimar-era politics and gender roles.

5. Salvador Dalí, The Persistence of Memory (1931)

   • Iconic Surrealist painting with melting clocks symbolizing dreamlike time distortion.

6. Frida Kahlo, Self-Portrait with Cropped Hair (1940)

   • Personal symbolism and gender identity in Latin American Modernism.

7. Jackson Pollock, Number 1A, 1948 (1948)

   • Example of action painting in Abstract Expressionism.

8. Andy Warhol, Marilyn Diptych (1962)

   • Pop Art commentary on celebrity culture and mass production.

Concept-Based Questions

1. Compare Fauvism and Die Brücke.

   • Fauvism: Focus on color’s emotional impact (Matisse).

   • Die Brücke: Harsh, distorted forms reflecting psychological tension (Kirchner).

2. Dada vs. Neo-Dada

   • Dada: Anti-art, randomness (Duchamp’s Fountain).

   • Neo-Dada: Mixed media, irony (Rauschenberg’s Bed, 1955).

3. The role of chance aesthetics in modern art

   • Example: Hans Arp’s Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance (1916-17).

4. How did Latin American Modern Art develop across regions?

   • Example 1: Diego Rivera’s Detroit Industry (1932–33) reflects Mexican muralism.

   • Example 2: Wifredo Lam’s The Jungle (1943) fuses Afro-Cuban influences with Surrealism.