ARTS 9 (QUARTER 3)

Renaissance Period

  • Artists valued the "individual" as a subject of arts.

Baroque Period

  • Characterized by exaggerated motion, drama, tension, and grandeur.

  • Notable artists: Caravaggio, Bernini, and Rubens.

Age of Genius

  • Known as the "Age of Genius" for great artistic and intellectual achievements.

  • Birth of secular art focused on realistic and humanistic themes.

Iconic Artworks of the Period

  • Famous artworks include:

    • "Mona Lisa"

    • "Last Supper"

    • "David"

Arts of the Neoclassic and Romantic Periods

Neoclassicism

  • Emerged in the mid-18th century as a rejection of Rococo and late Baroque styles.

  • Partnered with Romanticism, introducing modern approaches opposed to traditional styles.

  • Flourished across Western Europe and the U.S. from the late 18th to 19th centuries.

  • The term originates from Greek "neos" (new) and Latin "classicus" (first class).

Characteristics of Neoclassicism

  • Influenced by Ancient Greece and Rome in decorative and visual arts, literature, theater, music, and architecture.

  • Coincided with the 18th-century Age of Reason or Enlightenment.

  • Emphasis on:

    • Portrayal of Roman history

    • Formal composition

    • Use of diagonals to show peak emotions

    • Historical accuracy in classical themes and settings.

Neoclassical Artists

  • Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825)

    • French painter regarded as the preeminent Neoclassical artist.

    • Major works:

      • "The Death of Marat"

      • "Napoleon Crossing the Alps"

      • "Oath of the Horatii"

  • Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780-1867)

    • Pupil of David, known for portraits and mythological themes.

    • Major works:

      • "Portrait of Napoléon on the Imperial Throne"

      • "The Apotheosis of Homer"

Neoclassical Sculptors

  • Antonio Canova (1757-1822)

    • Renowned Italian sculptor, famous for marble sculptures.

    • Major works:

      • "Psyche Awakened by Cupid’s Kiss"

      • "Washington"

  • Bertel Thorvaldsen (1789-1838)

    • Internationally acclaimed Danish artist.

    • Major works:

      • "Christ"

      • "Lion of Lucerne"

Neoclassical Architecture

  • Originated in the mid-18th century, marked by a shift from Rococo styles.

  • Principles derived from Classical Greece and Rome, particularly Andrea Palladio.

Types of Neoclassical Architecture

  • Temple Style: Based on ancient temples with peristyle features.

    • Example buildings:

      • Pantheon

      • British Museum

  • Palladian Style: Inspired by Andrea Palladio’s villa construction, includes balustrades.

    • Key architect: Robert Adam, designer of significant civic buildings like the White House.

  • Classical Block Style: Rectangular plan with classical details, also known as "Beaux-Arts style."

    • Notable architects: Henri Labrouste, Charles Garnier.

Romanticism

  • A movement that broke new ground in expressing emotion, highlighted themes of history, supernatural elements, social injustices, and nature.

  • Characteristics include:

    • Emotional extremes

    • Celebrated nature

    • Dramatic compositions

Romantic Painting

  • Emphasized emotion and passion on canvas.

  • Notable painters:

    • Jean-Louis Théodore Géricault (1791-1824)

      • Famous works:

        • "The Raft of the Medusa"

        • "Charging Chasseur"

        • "Insane Woman"

    • Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863)

      • Known for vivid visual effects and influence on Romanticism.

      • Major work:

        • "Liberty Leading the People"

    • Francisco Goya (1746-1828)

      • Known as the last of the Old Masters and the first of the Moderns.

      • Major works:

        • "The Third of May"

        • "Saturn Devouring His Son"

Romantic Sculpture

  • Divided into humanistic and natural themes. Leading sculptors were Rude and Barye.

  • Notable works:

    • François Rude: "Departure of the Volunteers"

    • Antoine-Louis Barye: Known for animal sculptures.

Gothic Revival Architecture (Neogothic)

  • Architectural movement beginning in the late 1740s.

  • Associated with non-defensive structures referred to as "castles."

  • Notable architects include Charles Barry and James Renwick.

Neoclassicism and Romanticism in the Philippines

  • Influences seen through major artworks and architecture.

  • Notable artists:

    • Félix Resurrección Hidalgo: "The Christian Virgins Being Exposed"

    • Juan Luna: "Spoliarium"

    • Fernando Cueto Amorsolo: Known for his mastery in light and painting rural landscapes.

    • Guillermo Estrella Tolentino: Notable sculptures include "Oblation" and other key pieces.

Performance Task in Arts 9

Activity: "Take Me Back to the Past: A Tableau"

  • Create a tableau based on a Neoclassical or Romantic artwork.

  • Group activity encouraged with family participation.