6. Gender and Theology - David

Introduction to the role of gender within theological discussions.
Focus on the thoughts of Rosemary Radford Ruether surrounding messianic predictions.

Challenging Traditional Views:
- Ruether argues that Jesus challenges traditional messianic expectations.
- Many anticipated the Messiah as a kingly figure akin to King David.
- By challenging these expectations, Jesus also confronts patriarchal assumptions.
The Vision of the Kingdom:
- Ruether describes Jesus’ vision as non-nationalistic and grounded on earth.
- It calls for a future where domination and subjugation are abolished and human needs are met.
- Supported by the Lord’s Prayer as evidence of the earthly reign of God.

David's Status:
- The idea of a second David is a significant messianic prophecy in the Old Testament.
- David is characterized as a warrior and liberator of the Israelites.

Messianic Predictions Include:
- A descendant of David establishing an eternal kingdom.
- This offspring being acknowledged as a son of God.
- The portrayal of suffering yet still being favored by God.
- Reference from 2 Samuel 7 explains God's promise about David's lineage.

Genealogy of Jesus:
- Gospels of Matthew and Luke link Jesus’ lineage to David, emphasizing royal heritage.
- Significance of Jesus’ birthplace in Bethlehem as the royal city of David.
- Account from Luke 2 highlights the context of Jesus' birth.

Jesus and Kingly Representation:
- Jesus fulfills some aspects of messianic prophecies as a king.
- His actions (like cleansing the Temple) evoke connections to good kings like Hezekiah.

Jesus as a Different Kind of Leader:
- Not a warrior king; enters Jerusalem humbly on a donkey.
- Cleansing of the Temple done with a whip rather than violence.
- The title 'Son of David' is more associated with healing than royal descent.

Servanthood in Justice:
- Quotes from Isaiah and Matthew illustrate Jesus’ gentle and nurturing character, bringing justice and rest.

Christ’s Superiority:
- Jesus claims he is greater than David and other revered figures.
- Reference to Matthew 22 establishes Jesus’ authority and divine role.

Contrasting Expectations:
- Jesus disappoints those who expected a military leader.
- John 18:36 emphasizes the nature of Jesus' kingdom and its spiritual foundation.

Model of Leadership:
- Jesus embodies servitude, washing his disciples' feet and teaching humility.
- Urges followers to reject domination and embrace servant leadership.

Rethinking the Concept of Messiah:
- Ruether advocates for a non-military understanding of the Messiah reflecting self-sacrifice and love.
- Jesus’ language about God promotes relationships free from hierarchy, portraying a community of equality among believers.

Examples for Essays:
- Choose three instances of Jesus defying messianic expectations and explain their significance.
- Suggested areas of focus may include humility, service, and breaking of patriarchal roles.