Ch 1: History of Beer

Lecture

• Grain, hops, water, and yeast

  • Turning sugar into alcohol (fermentation)

• Beer: alcoholic beverage made from malted grain

• Grains include malted barley sugars

• Beer has been consumed for over 10,000 years

  • Nomadic to sedentary agriculture

• Ninkansi and Ancient Sumer —> fertile crescent in Iraq

• Ancient Egypt used beer as a unit of exchange

• Ancient Greece & Rome —> beer was more for common people

  • Romans took barley and grain for beer production

• Gruit: mix of herbs for flavor, medicinal effects, and preservation

  • Hops contributed to bitterness and preservation

• Beer in the UK used gruit and was called ale

  • German beer Lagers - single, dubbel, tripel and were signified with Xs

  • Trappist beers are brewed by monks!

• Brewpubs were social gathering places

• Local ingredients incorporated into brewing recipes

• Temperance & Prohibition (1919-1933)

• Animalculae detected in beer —> yeast makes alcohol