23 come from your biological mother & 23 come from your biological father :: chromosomes

The proteins that make up our genes :: DNA

Internal and external physical traits :: phenotype

Gradual biological change and adaptation in response to the environment :: evolution

Unit of a chromosome :: gene

These structures receive incoming neurotransmitters from the synapse and pass them on to the soma :: dendrites

This structure keeps the neuron alive and determines if the action potential will be activated :: soma

This insulates and protects the axon, and helps the action potential move quickly and efficiently :: myelin sheath

When the charge inside the neuron changes from negative to positive :: action potential

Neurotransmitters traverse this microscopic gap between neurons :: synapse

Chemicals in the nervous system that ferry messages across the synapse, from one neuron to the next :: neurotransmitters

Process of absorption of the neurotransmitter into the terminal buttons of the sending (presynaptic) neuron :: reuptake

This neurotransmitter is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease :: acetylcholine

Dendrites (dendritic spines) grow and make connections with other neurons after learning or practice takes place in this process :: neuroplasticity

The type of communication in the nervous system :: electrochemical communication

Phineas Gage taught us that our personalities reside largely in this lobe :: frontal lobe

Brain damage that leaves a person with an inability to produce speech (talk) has most likely affected this structure in the frontal lobe :: Broca’s area

The motor cortex is located in this lobe :: frontal lobe

Damage to this lobe may cause visual impairment :: occipital lobe

Damage to this lobe may cause a loss of sensation in the hands or feet :: parietal lobe

Damage to this area may result in difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner :: cerebellum

The brain region has the oldest revolutionary history; also known as the “reptilian brain” :: brain stem (or hindbrain)

This structure helps the body maintain homeostasis, therefore making you shiver when cold and sweat when hot :: hypothalamus

This brain structure is responsible for directing incoming sensory information to higher centers in the brain for processing :: thalamus

Dory has amnesia. This brain structure in the limbic system is most likely responsible :: hippocampus

Information is relayed to the spinal cord and brain by :: afferent neurons

This primitive emotional center makes you think about kicking the head in front of you :: limbic system

You can thank your _____ for not kicking the person’s head :: frontal lobe

Imbalance of this neurotransmitter causes problems like schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease :: dopamine

Antidepressant medication such as Prozac increases availability of this neurotransmitter :: serotonin

The slowdown of neural communication in multiple sclerosis involves degeneration of the :: myelin sheath

When you touch a hot stove, what is the correct order of the reflex arc? :: afferent, spinal cord, efferent, brain

This system regulates hormones :: endocrine system

Neurotransmitters are stored in the :: terminal buttons

Writing a research paper is more likely to involve this hemisphere :: left

Language is a job for this hemisphere :: left

A blind split brain patient with a ball in their right hand would most likely :: say “ball” when asked what they’re holding or write “ball” with their right hand

The genetic make-up you inherit from your parents, your genetic “blueprint”, is your :: genotype

A split brain patient with a comb in their left field of vision would most likely :: draw a comb with their left hand or choose a comb from an array of items with their left hand

An _____ charge travels down the axon and axon tips open :: electrical