Design and technology - Uses of Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals

Ferrous metals - These metals contain iron (ferrite) and are magnetic.

Ferrous metals rusting - These metals without a protective coating will rust if exposed to moisture.

Enhancement of ferrous metals -Other metals and compounds can be mixed with these metals to enhance their properties such as carbon.

Common ferrous metals -Common types of ferrous metals include mild steel, steel, and cast iron.

Non-ferrous metals- These metals do not contain iron (ferrite) and are generally not magnetic.

Non-ferrous metals rusting -These metals do not rust but can oxidise, changing their surface colour.

Common non-ferrous metals -Common types of non-ferrous metals include copper, gold, silver, and platinum.

Alloys- Alloys are a result of two or more metals mixed together, where at least one is a pure metal (non-ferrous).

Purpose of alloys -These metals are combined to improve their working properties and aesthetics.

Common alloys - Common types of alloys include brass, stainless steel, tungsten, and cobalt.

Low carbon steel- Bright grey in appearance with a smooth texture; tough and ductile but will oxidise if not protected.

Common uses of low carbon steel -Common uses include car body parts, nuts and bolts, screws, and nails.

High carbon steel -Bright grey in appearance with a smooth texture; much harder than low carbon steel due to carbon content.

Common uses of high carbon steel- Common uses include blades, scissors, tools, and wood and metal cutting tools, such as drill bits.

Cast iron- Dull grey in appearance with a rough texture; less prone to oxidisation and can be cast into complex shapes.

Common uses of cast iron- Common uses include kitchen pots and pans, manhole covers, post boxes, and heavy-duty bases.