Specification reference 3.1.1

Monomer - a small, single molecule, many of which can be joined together to form a polymer.

Polymer - a large molecule made up of many similar / identical monomers joined together.

Types of chemical reactions

Condensation Reaction

• Joins 2 molecules together.

• Eliminates a water molecule.

• Forms a chemical bond.

Hydrolysis Reaction

• Separates 2 molecules.

• Requires addition of a water molecule.

• Breaks a chemical bond.

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Examples of monomers and polymers

A nucleotide is a monomer from which polymers called polynucleotides are made.

A monosaccharide is a monomer from which polymers called polysaccharides are made.

An amino acid is a monomer from which polymers called polypeptides are made.