Recording-2025-08-06T13:57:36.633Z

Distal Elbow & Proximal Forearm Stabilizers

Annular Ligament (distal fibers)
- Sits on inferior portion of radial head; pulled taut in excessive supination
- Primary role: keeps radius firmly apposed to ulna, preserving pivot action
Interosseous Membrane (forearm)
- Analogous to tibio-fibular interosseous membrane ("high-ankle" comparison)
- Fibers run obliquely down toward ulna
- Origin: ulnar shaft → Insertion: radial shaft
- Resists diastasis of radius & ulna; tearing → pain + rotary instability

Elbow joint capsule (synovial)
- Envelops humero-ulnar, humero-radial & proximal radio-ulnar joints
- Thin overall; lax in flexion, taut in extension
- Anconeus pulls capsule during extension to avoid impingement
Olecranon Bursa
- Location: between skin & olecranon process (triceps insertion)
- Tension ↑ in full flexion; pinched in full extension
- Commonly inflamed in sports with repetitive floor contact (football, volleyball, wrestling)
- Tx: aspiration (lidocaine + syringe); chronic re-accumulation → bursectomy

Boundaries
- Superior: imaginary line medial → lateral epicondyle
- Medial: Pronator teres
- Lateral: Brachioradialis
- Floor: Brachialis (medial) + Supinator (lateral)
Contents (medial → lateral mnemonic: “My Blood Turns Red”)
- M – Median nerve
- B – Brachial artery (& vein)
- T – Biceps brachii tendon
- R – Radial nerve (deep under lateral border)

Brachial Artery (continuation of axillary)
- Begins: inferior border of teres major → Ends: cubital fossa (bifurcates into radial & ulnar)
- Superficial in medial bicipital groove (palpated for infant CPR)
Venous System
- Deep: Brachial veins accompany artery; join basilic → axillary vein