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INTRODUCTION TO DANCE

• Dance is an activity with many forms fulfilling recreational, entertainment, educational, therapeutic, and religious needs.

• It is an art form that allows creative expression of feelings, culture, and religion through rhythmic movement.

BRIEF HISTORY AND NATURE OF DANCE

• Choreography is executed by individuals and cultures globally.

• Dance has flourished at various times, influenced by cross-cultural trade and interaction (Alejandro and Santos-Gana, 2002).

• The history of dance dates back to ancient times, initially incorporating musical, spiritual, and mass movements.

ORIGIN OF DANCE

• Key historical periods influencing dance:

  • Prehistoric

  • Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Civilizations

  • Ancient Egypt

  • Ancient Greece

  • Ancient Rome

  • Dark and Early Middle Ages

  • Early Renaissance

  • 15th and 16th Centuries

BENEFITS OF DANCING ON DIFFERENT ASPECTS

Physical

• Regular dance improves cardiovascular and muscular fitness, body shape, posture, and flexibility.

• Dance movements are more omnidirectional than machines, promoting knee stability, hip flexibility, and backbone stability.

• It helps reduce osteoporosis through muscle mass maintenance.

Mental/Emotional

• Dance serves as an aid in mental health nursing by eliminating negative thoughts.

• It fosters non-verbal interaction and boosts self-esteem.

Social

• Encourages constructive social engagement and reciprocal interactions, creating a platform for group participation and a sense of belonging.

Cultural

• Celebrates cultural heritage and facilitates understanding of various cultural practices through traditional dances.

RECREATIONAL DANCE

• Social activity available for all ages, featuring folk, cultural, and historical dances.

• Varied steps and formations reflect cultural roots, historical contexts, and geographical origins.

DANCE FITNESS

• Increases cardiovascular endurance, strength, and flexibility through genres like Zumba Fitness and Cardio dance.

• Popular among people for fitness activities.

ELEMENTS OF DANCE

SPACE

• Defined as the performing area, consisting of:

  • Direction: Forward, backward, sideways, diagonal, circular

  • Size: Big or small steps

  • Level: High, medium, or low positions

  • Focus: Direction of gaze to alter performer focus

TIMING

• Dance motions performed at variable speeds (tempo).

DANCE ENERGIES

• Strength or power in movements arises from force or energy, with rhythm utilizing diverse forces.

BODILY SHAPES

• Relates to body arrangement and form.

GROUP SHAPES

• Various actions executed by groups, able to take various large or small layouts (narrow, round, symmetrical, asymmetrical).

CHARACTERISTIC OF A GOOD DANCE

• Orientation: Includes a beginning, middle, and end.

• Different components contribute to overall success through well-coordinated actions.

FORM

• An organizational structure for sequence arrangement leading to unity and idea expression.

PHRASE

• Combination of movements to form a unit; sections together make a whole dance.

MOTIF

• A theme or motif conveys meaning or intention, aiding audience understanding.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD DANCE

1. Unity: Well-coordinated processes that flow seamlessly.

2. Continuity and Development: Logical arranging of movement expressions.

3. Variety and Contrast: Introducing variants to illustrate the motif.

4. Transition: Smooth connections between gestures and movements.

5. Repetition: Recognition of main ideas through repeated expressions.

6. Climax: The peak of the dance's momentum.

EVOLUTION OF DANCE

• Group activity involving selections of dances from specified years.

  • 1950-1990

  • 2000-2004

  • 2005-2009

  • 2010-2015

DANCE AS AN ART

• Dance as rhythmic bodily movements producing visual patterns of line, shape, and color correlates with emotional experiences.

• Examples include folk dance, ballet, and contemporary dance.

FOLK DANCE

• Indigenous dances representing the common people, passed through generations.

CRITERIA TO BE CONSIDERED AS A PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCE

1. Traditional

2. Expressive

3. Dominated by simple rhythm defining movement patterns.

4. Unknown choreographers or communal creation.

5. Essential in folk people's lives.

ETHNIC DANCES IN 3 CATEGORIES

1. Ritual Dances: Part of ritual ceremonies (e.g., Dugso, Pagdidiwata).

2. Life-Cycle Dances: Related to lifecycle events (e.g., Binasuan, Daling-Daling).

3. Occupational Dances: Related to daily livelihoods (e.g., Mag-asik, Mananagat).

THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCES

• Life-cycle Dances: Celebrating life milestones.

• Festival Dances: Performed for sacred or secular honors.

• Occupational Dances: Depicting the livelihood processes (e.g., rice production).

• Ritual and Ceremonial Dances: Reflecting community customs.

• Game Dances: Derived from local games (e.g., Pukol).

• Joke and Trickster Dances: Involving playful trickery (e.g., Pandanggo sa Sambalilo).

• Mimetic or Drama Dances: Imitating various subjects (e.g., Itik- Itik).

• War Dances: Expressing conflicts (e.g., Maglalatik).

• Social Amenities Dances: Reflecting social grace and merriment.

BALLET

• The term originated from Italian, meaning 'to dance'.

CLASSICAL VS. CONTEMPORARY BALLET

• Classical ballet emphasizes precise techniques.

• Contemporary ballet allows for greater movement flexibility, incorporating ballet and modern dance elements.

MODERN DANCE

• Defined by the absence of rigid rules, allowing personal expression through movements and interpretations.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN DANCE

1. Technique: Utilizes body control and basic dance skills.

2. Improvisation: Natural responses leading to free expression.

3. Choreography: Reflects personal and emotional perceptions.

WHAT CLASSIFIES A ROUTINE AS MODERN DANCE?

1. Freeform and improvisational movements.

2. Emotional expression conveyed through performance.

3. Rejection of conventional grace; modern dancers leverage body weight and often incorporate falls and tumbles.

ASSIGNMENT

• List basic modern dance skills on one sheet.

• Explore history of cheerleading and popular competitions in the Philippines.

• Investigate dance sport and its various styles.