Untitled Flashcards Set

Period One

• 1492 – Columbus’ arrives in the New World

  • Flows of trade between the old world (Europe, Asia, Africa) & new world help increase food production and stimulate growth

  • Spain became the colonial power in the Americas.

  • Chart on Native American Views vs European Views

• 1587 - England’s first attempt to settle in North America

  • Sir Walter Raleigh sponsors Roanoke Island, which ended up disappearing (aka Lost Colony)

• 1588 - English defeat Spanish Armada

Period Two

• 1607 - Jamestown

  • marked the beginning of permanent English settlement in North America.

  • funded by the Virginia Company

  • leader of the settlement - Captain John Smith

• 1609 - 1610 - Desperation of English Settlers

  • Powhatan Confederacy aides Jamestown

  • tobacco as a cash crop

• 1620 - Mayflower Arrival in Plymouth

• 1649 – Toleration Act

  • Granted religious freedom to Christians in Maryland, a significant step towards religious tolerance in the American colonies.

• 1688 – Glorious Revolution

  • Overthrow James II, establishment of William and Mary as joint monarchs

• 1692 – Salem Witch Trials

  • unrest in religion, politics and gender led to the witch hysteria

  • many executions

Period 3

• 1754–1763 – Seven Years’ War

  • fought between the British and the French

  • causes : competition between British & France for control of colonial territories & territorial disputes such as Ohio Valley

  • William Pitt, the English Prime Minister during the war

  • Ended by Treaty of Paris in 1763, which gave England control of Canada and almost everything east of the Mississippi Valley. leads to anti-British sentiment

  • led to lots of debt, which led to heavy taxing post-war

• 1763 – Proclamation of 1763

  • forbids colonial settlement past Appalachian Mountains

  • made the colonists angry

• 1765 – Stamp Act

  • taxed goods produced within the colonies, led to boycotts

  • “no taxation without representation"“

  • act was repealed

  • Declaratory Act passed

    • parliament can tax and legislate in all cases anywhere in the colonies

• 1770 – Boston Massacre

  • Propaganda campaign that followed suggested that the soldiers had shot into a crowd of innocent bystanders

• 1773 – Boston Tea Party

  • tea tax protest

  • results in British response with “Intolerable Acts” (closes Boston Harbor, tightens control over Massachusetts government, Quartering Act)

• 1775 – Lexington & Concord

  • BEGINNING of American Revolutionary War

• 1776 – Declaration of Independence

  • Articulated the principle of individual liberty and government's responsibility to serve the people

• 1777 – Battle of Saratoga

• 1777 - Articles of Confederation

  • The first national constitution of the United States

  • limitations : gave the federal government no power to raise an army, no executive or judicial branch, gave each state one vote regardless of the state's population

• 1778 - Franco American Alliance

  • negotiated by Ben Franklin

  • brings French into war on the colonists side

• 1781 – Battle of Yorktown

  • END of American Revolutionary War

  • Major British general, Cornwallis, was surrounded by the French navy and George Washington’s troops, and surrendered

  • Began a long period of negotiations between the American colonies and Great Britain, which would finally end the war in October of 1783

• 1783 – Treaty of Paris

  • gave US land and independence

• 1787 – Constitutional Convention

  • Great Compromise : HOR (representation according to population) & Senate (2 per state)

  • 3/5ths Compromise : count 3/5 of slave population toward representation, empower Southern states

• 1788 – Washington’s Election

  • National Bank created

  • Hamilton’s financial plan to reduce debt

  • Neutrality Proclamation

  • Pinckney’s treaty 1796

  • no third term

• 1791 - Bill of Rights Added

• 1798 – XYZ Affair

• 1798 – Alien & Sedition Acts

Period 4

• 1800 – Jefferson’s Election

  • Marbury v. Madison

• 1803 – Louisiana Purchase

  • Lewis & Clark

• 1812–1815 – War of 1812

  • Hartford Convention - end of Federalist Party

  • American system - tariff, roads, re-chartered National Bank (protective)

    lobbied by Henry Clay

• 1815 – Battle of New Orleans

  • Jackson wins

• 1816–1824 – Era of Good Feelings

  • Only one political party, briefly leaves United States with unity

  • McCulloch v. Maryland

  • Panic of 1819 - people could not pay loans

• 1820 – Missouri Compromise

  • Missouri : slave state ; Missouri : free state

  • slavery is decided to be below 36º 30’ parallel

• 1823 – Monroe Doctrine

  • Policy of mutual non-interference and America's right to intervene in its own hemisphere

  • first of several doctrines that will become foreign policy

• 1820s – Sectionalism

• 1828 – Jackson’s Election

  • “Era of Common Man”

  • universal white male suffrage

• 1830 – Indian Removal Act

  • Jackson's treatment of the Cherokees with this act is one of the most criticized policies by modern scholars.

• 1832 – Nat Turner’s Rebellion

  • Nat Turner rallied a gang that killed and mutilated 60 whites.

• 1830–1850 – Manifest Destiny

  • Americans believed in God-given right to western territories

• 1836 – Battle of the Alamo

Period 5

• 1845 – Annexation of Texas

• 1845–1848 – Mexican-American War

  • the Wilmot Proviso defeated quickly

• 1848 – Seneca Falls Convention

  • first women's rights convention

• 1850 – Fugitive Slave Law

• 1852 – Uncle Tom’s Cabin published

• 1854 – Bleeding Kansas

• 1857 – Dred Scott Decision

• 1860 – Lincoln’s Election

• 1861–1865 – Civil War

  • 1862 – Homestead Act'

  • 1863 - Emancipation Proclamation

  • 1863 – Gettysburg

  • 1865 - Lincoln Assassinated

• 1867 –Military Reconstruction Act of 1867

• 1867 – Purchase of Alaska

• 1877 – Compromise of 1877

  • military reconstruction ends in South

Period 6

• 1876 – Little Bighorn

• 1886 – Haymarket Square Riot

• 1887 – Dawes Act

• 1887 – Interstate Commerce

• 1890 – Wounded Knee

• 1890 – McKinley Tariff ; Sherman Antitrust Act

• 1894 – Pullman Strike

• 1896 – “Cross of Gold” speech

• 1896 – Plessy v. Ferguson

Period 7

• 1898 – Annexation of Hawaii

• 1898 – Spanish American War

  • Americans drive Spanish out of Cuba & Philippines

  • Treaty of Maris ends war in 1900

• 1902 - Platt Amendment

• 1903 – Wright Brothers

• 1904 - Roosevelt Corollary

  • The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, also known as the Big Stick Policy, was used to justify repeated military intervention in Latin America due to the assertion of a threat to American security.

• 1917 – US enters WWI

  • Congress passed the Espionage Act in 1917 and the Sedition Act in 1918 in response to opposition to U.S. involvement in the war

• 1918 - Fourteen Points

  • League of Nations made it not pass in Congress because Wilson was unwilling to compromise

• 1919 - Schenck v. United States

• 1920 – Women’s Suffrage

• 1920s – Red Scare

• 1920s – Prohibition

• 1929 – Stock Market Crash

  • Great Depression begins

• 1932 – FDR

  • 100 Days

  • New Deal implemented

• 1935 – Social Security Act

• 1939 – WWII starts in Europe

• 1941 – Attack on Pearl Harbor

• 1944 – D-Day

Period 8

• 1945 - Hiroshima & Nagasaki

• 1947 – Truman Doctrine

  • financial support of anti-Communist nations for containment of Communism Marshall Plan

• 1950–1953 – Korean War ; Civil Rights Movement begins

  • Dwight Eisenhower = President

  • North Korea invaded South Korea in June 1950, which started the war

  • U.S. troops attacked North Korea under the umbrella of the United Nations, which led to China's entry into the war

  • Truman’s decision against MacArthur’s recommendations & MacArthur’s firing

• 1950s – McCarthyism

• 1954 – Brown v. Board of Ed.

• 1955 – Montgomery Bus Boycott

  • led to Martin Luther King Jr's national prominence and the integration of city buses

• 1957 – Sputnik

  • leads to NASA being established

• 1961 - JFK becomes President

  • Kennedy inherited the Cuban issue and attempted to solve it with the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion

• 1961 - Vietnam Conflict Begins

• 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis

  • brought US and Soviet Union closest to military confrontation

• 1963 – March on Washington

• 1963 – JFK assassinated; LBJ becomes President

• 1964 – Civil Rights Act

  • Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, or gender

  • Most comprehensive piece of civil rights legislation in U.S. history

  • Prohibited discrimination in employment and public facilities

• 1965 - “Great Society” legislation

  • sweeping change to U.S. government since the New Dea

• 1968 – MLK killed, RFK killed

• 1968 – Tet Offensive

  • major turning point in the war, North Vietnamese and Vietcong nearly captured American embassy in Saigon

  • made the American public believe they were being lied to and the war was not winnable

• 1968 – Chicago Convention

• 1969 – Moon landing

• 1972 – Watergate break-in

  • Pentagon Papers

  • Senate hearing began in early 1973 and lasted for 1.5 years

  • Nixon resigned in August 1974 instead of facing impeachment proceedings

  • Vice President Gerald Ford took office and granted Nixon a presidential pardon

• 1973 – Roe v. Wade

• 1979 – Iranian hostage crisis