Endocrine System & Hormones

Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis: A system that regulates stress response and hormone release.

Pituitary Gland: The “master gland” that controls other glands and regulates growth, reproduction, and metabolism.

Adrenal Glands: Produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline involved in stress response.

Thyroid Gland: Regulates metabolism through hormone secretion.

Cortisol: A hormone released in response to stress; affects metabolism and immune function.

Oxytocin: Associated with bonding, trust, and childbirth.

Melatonin: Regulates sleep-wake cycles, produced by the pineal gland.