Lesson 1 Sem Psych (copy)

·         Paradigm: A set of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that form a framework for understanding a particular phenomenon or subject matter. It provides a shared worldview or perspective that guides research and inquiry within a particular field of study.

·         Perspective: refers to a specific viewpoint or approach to understanding a particular phenomenon or subject matter. In psychology, there are many different perspectives, including the biological, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, and psychodynamic perspectives, among others.

·         Framework: refers to a conceptual structure or model that provides a systematic way of organizing and understanding complex information. It can be used to guide research, analysis, and decision-making within a particular field of study.

·         Model: A model is a simplified representation or abstraction of a complex phenomenon or system. In psychology, models are often used to illustrate theoretical concepts and to make predictions about behavior or mental processes.

·         Assumption: a belief or proposition that is taken for granted or accepted as true without empirical evidence. It often made in the development of theories, models, and hypotheses.

·         Hypothesis: a testable prediction or statement that is derived from a theory or set of assumptions. It is typically formulated as a specific question or prediction that can be tested through empirical research.

·         Psychology - the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

·         Behavior - observable actions or responses of an organism to environmental stimuli.

·         Mental processes - internal, subjective experiences that occur in the mind, such as thoughts, feelings, and sensations.

·         Cognitive psychology - the study of mental processes, such as attention, perception, memory, and problem-solving.

·         Developmental psychology - the study of changes in behavior and mental processes across the lifespan.

·         Social psychology - the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another.

·         Personality psychology - the study of individual differences in behavior and mental processes.

·         Clinical psychology - the diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders.

·         Counseling psychology - the application of psychological principles to help people cope with everyday problems and improve their well-being.

·         Neuroscience - the study of the nervous system and its role in behavior and mental processes.

·         Psychopathology - the study of abnormal behavior and mental processes, including the diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders.

·         Psychotherapy - the treatment of mental health disorders using psychological techniques, such as talk therapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy.

·         Psychometrics - the measurement of psychological traits and abilities, such as intelligence, personality, and aptitude.

·         Experimental psychology - the scientific study of behavior and mental processes through controlled experiments.

·         Biopsychology - the study of how biological processes in the body and brain influence behavior and mental processes.

·         BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE - This perspective focuses on how biological factors, such as genetics, hormones, and brain structures, influence behavior and mental processes.

·         BEHAVIORAL PERSPECTIVE - This perspective emphasizes the role of environmental stimuli and conditioning in shaping behavior.

·         COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE - This perspective examines how mental processes, such as perception, attention, memory, and problem-solving, influence behavior.

·         EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE - This perspective views behavior and mental processes as adaptations that have evolved over time to help humans survive and reproduce.

·         HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE - This perspective emphasizes the importance of subjective experiences, personal growth, and self-actualization in shaping behavior.

·         SOCIAL-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE - This perspective examines how social and cultural factors, such as norms, values, and beliefs, shape behavior and mental processes.

·         PSYCHODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE - This perspective focuses on how unconscious conflicts, desires, and motivations influence behavior and mental processes.

·         ATTACHMENT THEORY - This theory suggests that the quality of early childhood relationships with caregivers can shape the individual's attachment style, which influences their behavior and relationships throughout their lifespan.