🌿Science Study Guide: Life Processes, Plants, Food Webs, & Photosynthesis 🌿

🔬 What Is a Cell?

• Cell: The basic unit of life. All living things are made of cells.
  
  

• Two main types:
  
  

  • Plant Cell: Has a cell wall, chloroplasts (for photosynthesis), and a large central vacuole.
    
    

  • Animal Cell: Does not have a cell wall or chloroplasts.
    
    

🌱 Photosynthesis

• Definition: The process plants use to make their own food.
  
  

• Formula:
  Carbon Dioxide+Water+Sunlight→Glucose+Oxygen

• Key Ingredients:
  
  

  • Carbon Dioxide (CO₂): Taken from the air through tiny openings called stomata.
    
    

  • Water (H₂O): Absorbed from the soil through roots.
    
    

  • Sunlight: Captured by chlorophyll in the leaves.
    
    

• Products:
  
  

  • Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆): Plant food (sugar).
    
    

  • Oxygen (O₂): Released into the air.
    
    

🍃 Parts of a Leaf

• Study the leaf diagram in the “Parts of Plants” Packet.

• You should be able to label the parts of the leaf.

• Also, read/study the pages about photosynthesis.

THERE WILL NOT BE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE FLOWER ON THE TEST

🌎 Biotic vs Abiotic

• Biotic: Living things (plants, animals, bacteria).
  
  

• Abiotic: Non-living things (sunlight, water, soil, air).

• Be able to give examples of what is  biotic and abiotic.

🔗 Food Chains and Food Webs

• Food Chain: A simple line showing who eats whom.
  
  

• Food Web: A complex network of food chains.
  
  

• Flow of Energy:
  
  

  • Arrows show energy flow (point from the food to the eater).

  • You should be able to draw arrows showing the flow of energy in a food web.

  • I could give you a food web and you have to draw the arrows 

  •                                         OR

  • I could give you a food web and you need to tell me what is missing or wrong.

  • I could give you a list of animals and plants and you need to create an accurate food web.
    
    

🌿 Roles in a Food Chain

1. Producer: Makes its own food (plants).
   
   

2. Primary Consumer: Eats producers (herbivore).
   
   

3. Secondary Consumer: Eats primary consumers (carnivore or omnivore).
   
   

4. Tertiary Consumer: Top predator in the food chain.
   
   

🐾 Types of Consumers

• Herbivore: Eats only plants (e.g., rabbit).
  
  

• Carnivore: Eats only meat (e.g., lion).
  
  

• Omnivore: Eats both plants and animals (e.g., human).
  
  

🧠 Life Processes – MRS. GREN

Every living organism performs these 7 life processes:

• M – Movement: Can move by itself.
  
  

• R – Respiration: Breaks down food for energy.
  
  

• S – Sensitivity: Responds to surroundings.
  
  

• G – Growth: Increases in size.
  
  

• R – Reproduction: Makes more of its kind.
  
  

• E – Excretion: Removes waste.
  
  

• N – Nutrition: Takes in and uses food.