Q: What is value in art?
A: The quality of lightness or darkness of a line, shape, form, or space without the presence of hue
Q: What is a value scale?
A: A scale of grays running from dark gray to light gray or from black to white, showing degrees of lightness and darkness.
Q: What are the three aspects of value?
A: Shade (addition of black), tint (addition of white), and middle gray (50% tint and shade).
Q: What is the definition of black in terms of value?
A: The absence of light where all rays are absorbed (subtractive).
Q: What is the definition of white in terms of value?
A: The totality of light where all rays are reflected (subtractive).
Q: What are mid-tones?
A: Values located in the center of an achromatic or chromatic scale, midway between black and white.
Q: What is gradation?
A: A series or progression of shades and tints from lightest to darkest, with even gradation meaning the same amount of change from one step to the next.
Q: What is simultaneous contrast and value?
A: How value behaves relative to what it is near or surrounded by, e.g., middle gray appears darker when surrounded by white than by black.
Q: What is value assimilation?
A: Two values close to one another appear the same if separated by distance or a contrasting value.
Q: What is local value?
A: The value of an object seen free from the effects of light and shadow.
Q: What is optical value?
A: The illusion of value achieved through line, dot, or mark, where elements are small and close together.
Q: What is achromatic?
A: The absence of hue and saturation, consisting of black, white, and grays made from mixing black and white.
Q: What is a light source in art?
A: The direction from which light is traveling in a composition, affecting how forms are illuminated.
Q: What is value contrast?
A: The value relationship between adjacent areas of light and dark.
Q: What is value emphasis?
A: Using value contrast to create a focal point within a composition.
Q: What is chiaroscuro?
A: The distribution of light and dark in a picture to create depth and space, introduced in the Renaissance.
Q: What is a value pattern?
A: The shapes made by an arrangement of various light and dark value areas in a composition.
Q: What are low-key values?
A: Values that are middle gray or darker, ranging from middle gray to black.
Q: What are high-key values?
A: Values that are middle gray or lighter, ranging from middle gray to white.
Q: What is a highlight?
A: The part of an object receiving the greatest amount of direct light, reflecting the light source color.
Q: What is a core shadow?
A: The dark part of an object not directly illuminated by the light source.
Q: What is reflected light?
A: The portion of light deflected from a surface, as opposed to transmitted or absorbed light.
Q: What is a cast shadow?
A: The dark area projected from an illuminated form onto other objects or the background.
Q: What is sfumato?
A: Leonardo da Vinci's shading technique for a gradual transition of value from light to dark.
Q: What is tenebrism?
A: A painting technique characterized by little bright light and lots of almost black shade, used by Caravaggio.
Q: What is diminution of value?
A: The process of diminishing value by its recession in space to an overall darker or lighter state.
Q: What is overexposure in photography?
A: When light areas are bleached out and lack detail due to capturing a dark object against a light background.
Q: What is underexposure in photography?
A: When dark areas are uniformly black and lack detail due to capturing light areas of a scene.
Q: What is maximum value contrast?
A: The highest contrast in value, from black to white, creating a hard edge and linear quality.
Q: What is minimum value contrast?
A: The least amount of difference between values, creating a soft edge or vanishing boundary for an expansive feel.
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