Differential Diagnosis: Question 1

Understanding Speech Sound Problems

1. Differentiating between Articulation and Phonology

• Importance of recognizing indicators for accurate diagnosis.

• Formulate a hypothesis regarding the client’s needs.

2. Indicators of Phonology Problems

• Phonemic Contrasts are Preserved

  • 1:1 substitutions indicate phonology issues.

  • If contrasts (place, manner, voice) are maintained, it is likely an articulation disorder.

  • Example: Distorted /s/ could resemble “sh” or “th”; further analysis needed to determine the nature of the substitution.

3. Indicators of Articulation Problems

• Peripheral, Motor-Based Problems

  • Observe lip movements and variety of mouth postures.

  • Consistency of errors across contexts suggests articulation issues.

• Inconsistencies in Sound Production

  • Sound production may vary based on surrounding sounds.

  • Example: A child may produce /k/ correctly with certain vowels but struggle with others.

4. Application Activities

• Say the Vowels

  • Experience transitions between vowels to understand articulatory changes.

• Watch “R” Words Video

  • Identify which “r” words are easier or more difficult for the child.

5. Moving Forward

• Next steps: Explore phonology and phonological errors.