Individual Submission (Due Feb 13):
Names of the five students in the group.
Group Topic.
Three references from primary literature related to the topic.
Three preferred presentation dates from the group.
Learning Objective:
Utilize information from various sources to construct and communicate knowledge.
Task:
Gather information on a current biological topic from research articles, texts, web, and other sources.
Analyze and synthesize the information for a class presentation.
Total Points: 75
Content (25 pts):
Substantive summary of important recent results (past 5 years) from scientific literature.
Appearance & Effectiveness of Slides (20 pts):
Slides should be organized, readable, and contain a balance of text and figures.
Presentation (30 pts):
All members participate in the presentation.
Team displays mastery of content and can answer questions.
10 minute presentation with 5 minutes for questions.
Base Pairing:
T-A (Thymine-Adenine)
C-G (Cytosine-Guanine)
Function:
Acts as a recipe for biological information.
Watson & Crick:
Published the structure of DNA - double helix in February 1953.
Nobel Prize (1962):
Awarded to Watson, Crick, and Wilkins for their discoveries.
Contribution:
Created Photo 51 in 1952, providing crucial evidence for DNA structure.
Components:
Nucleotides (sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous bases).
Double helix structure with complementary strands.
Hierarchy:
DNA double helix (2nm) ➔ Nucleosome ➔ 30 nm fiber ➔ Higher-order chromatin ➔ Chromosome (700nm).
Information Flow:
DNA ➔ mRNA ➔ Proteins.
Key Processes:
Transcription: DNA to mRNA.
Translation: mRNA to Protein.
Definition:
Rules translating DNA base sequences into amino acid sequences.
Triplet Code:
Proposed by George Gamow as a 3-letter code encoding 20 amino acids.
Explanation:
Codons consist of 3 nucleotides, each coding for a specific amino acid.
Example: UUU ➔ Phenylalanine, CUU ➔ Leucine.
Definition of Genes:
Units of heredity located on chromosomal DNA, coding for proteins.
Encode phenotype, with only 1.5% of DNA coding for proteins.
Mutations:
Changes in nucleotide sequences, affecting protein function.
Single Base Substitution:
Sickle cell anemia resulting from a mutation in hemoglobin gene.
Purines:
Which nitrogenous bases are classified as purines?
Options: A. Uracil, B. Guanine, C. Thymine, D. Cytosine, E. All of these.
Homework Assignment:
Create a mind map of the lecture content with at least 10 nodes using a mind mapping tool.