Poetry terms for quiz

Meter:

Foot: a unit of metrical measurement that includes stressed and unstressed syllables

Meter: 

• Pentameter: A line made up of five stressed syllables

• Tetrameter: 4 trochees, 8 syllables

• Trimeter: 3 anapests, 9 syllables

• Hexameter: 6 dactyls, 17 syllables; a trochee replaces the last dactyl

Lamb: One unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable (da-DA)

• Ex: be-LONG

Trochee: One stressed syllable followed by one unstressed syllable (DA-da)

• Ex: PO-ets

Anapest: Two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable (da-da-DA)

• Ex: un-der-STAND

Dactyl: One stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables (DA-da-da)

• Ex: PROM-i-nent

Spondee: One stressed syllable followed by another stressed syllable

• Ex: NOW

Closed Form: poems that follow patterns of lines, meter, rhymes, and stanzas (set rules)

Free Verse: poetry that doesn't use any strict meter or rhyme scheme (no rules)

Stanza: a group of lines in a poem that is organized by rhyme or meter (they can also be connected with a central idea)

Rhyme:

Exact Rhyme: the vowels of the final syllable in different words sound the same and the beginning of that final syllable differs

• Ex: Day/May/Fiance

Eye Rhyme: the words “rhyme” only because of their similar spelling

• Ex: Through/Rough/Though

Internal Rhyme: rhyme that occurs in the middle of lines of poetry, instead of at the ends of lines

Slant Rhyme: words which do not rhyme completely

• Ex: Say/Rake/Mate

Identical rhyme: the same word rhyming with itself

• Ex: Play/Play

Typical rhyme schemes include:

• Alternating rhyme: ABAB

• Couplet: AA, BB, CC

• Enclosed rhyme: ABBA

• Limerick: AABBA

• Shakespearean sonnet:  ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

• other sonnets:  ABBA CDDC EFE FEF 

Devices used in Free Verse:

Assonance:  repetition of vowels without repetition of consonants

Consonance: repetition of consonant sounds

Alliteration: Two or more words beginning with the same sound

Caesura: a break in the flow of sound usually in the middle of a line of verse, traditionally created by punctuation such as comma, colon, semicolon, dash, or period

Enjambment: the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza

End stop: A line ending at a grammatical boundary or break—such as a dash or closing parenthesis—or with punctuation such as a colon, a semicolon, or a period (opposite of enjambment)

Figurative Language:

Metaphor: A figure of speech applied to a person or object that is not literal

Simile: A figure of speech that compares two things using like or as

Personification: Describing something non-human with human characteristics