Sport Gender Social Entrepreneurship

Page 1: Introduction to Sport, Gender & Social Entrepreneurship

• Focus on the empowerment of girls in the developing world.

• Overcoming barriers, such as child marriage, through sports.

• Emphasis on access to opportunities without traditional documentation (e.g., birth certificates).

Page 2: Agenda for the Session

• Defining key terms: Sport, Gender, Development (SGD)

• Overview of the goals of SGD programs.

• Discussion of challenges facing SGD initiatives.

• Theoretical perspectives influencing these ideas.

• Introduction to a case study involving martial arts in Uganda.

• Key takeaways for the class.

Page 3: Learning Objectives

• Grasp the concept of sport, gender, and development (SGD).

• Identify the main goals of SGD programs and the challenges they face.

• Utilize theoretical models to assess SGD initiatives.

• Explore a case study on martial arts programs in Uganda.

Page 4: Importance of Sport in Gender Development

• Sport serves as a vital mechanism for enhancing gender equality and development by:

  • Promoting the health and well-being of girls and women.

  • Cultivating self-esteem and empowerment within communities.

  • Fostering social inclusion and overcoming social barriers.

  • Challenging and transforming traditional gender norms.

  • Educating about issues such as HIV/AIDS prevention.

  • Providing leadership opportunities for women and girls.

Page 5: Potential Challenges in SGD

• Safety Concerns: Risks of sexual violence in sports contexts.

• Competing Obligations: Gendered labor divisions limit participation and leisure time.

• Cultural Norms: Resistance to altering traditional gender roles.

• Tokenism: Risk of superficial initiatives failing to address deeper systemic issues.

Page 6: Theoretical Perspectives

• Postcolonial Feminist Theory: Understanding gender as intersecting with multiple forms of oppression (Mohanty, 2004).

• Cultural Studies of Girlhood & Sport: Highlights the complexity of young girls’ experiences in sports (Pomerantz, 2009).

• Neoliberalism in SGD: Focus on market efficiency and individualism impacting policy (Harvey, 2005).

Page 7: Integration of Trends in Development

• Girl Effect Movement: Focus on empowering girls through various initiatives.

• SGD Programs: Girl-focused sports and health development, particularly in the Global South.

• Corporate Social Engagement: Growing involvement of corporate responsibility in international development programs.

Page 8: Trend Analysis

• Corporatized Charity in Development: Example of how consumerism influences aid (e.g., Product Red campaign).

• CSR: Corporations like Nike leverage development initiatives for brand enhancement, but face criticism for prioritizing profit.

Page 9: The Girl Effect Overview

• Highlighting urgent situations concerning gender and development challenges.

Page 10: Questions for Reflection

• What are your reactions to videos related to the Girl Effect?

• Identify the positive aspects of the Girl Effect campaign.

• Discuss overlooked issues within the Girl Effect initiatives.

Page 11: Contextual Background - Eastern Uganda

• Setting for the martial arts case study, addressing local gender issues.

Page 12: Research Objectives

• Understand girls' experiences with SGD programs in Eastern Uganda.

• Explore organizational dynamics in program development.

Page 13: Background of the Martial Arts Program

• Addressing problematic patriarchal norms and gender-based violence in the region.

• Goals of the program:

  • Empower girls with self-defense skills.

  • Shift existing gender norms.

  • Foster leadership development.

Page 14: Findings from Martial Arts Program

• Girls reported increases in confidence and self-defense abilities.

• Participation in martial arts challenged traditional gender roles.

• Some participants used their skills to become instructors.

Page 15: Addressing Key Challenges

• Empowerment framed as personal achievement rather than a community endeavor risk undermining societal issues.

• Self-reliance may not address structural barriers.

• Resistance from families to shifts in gender norms.

Page 16: The Gendered Politics of Sport in Empowerment

• Critique of portraying girls as passive victims needing rescue.

• Economic empowerment through education viewed as enhancing growth potential.

• Risks include reinforcing stereotypes and limiting systemic change.

Page 17: Girls as Entrepreneurs of Themselves

• Advocacy for self-reliance and the entrepreneurial spirit.

• Transitioning costs to local education systems for sustainability.

• Promoting initiatives where girls can earn income through sports.

Page 18: Moving Beyond Tokenism

• Emphasizing relational change to disrupt gender norms.

• Address policies and institutional barriers that affect access to resources.

• Align programs with local cultural values.

Page 19: Conclusion of SGD Programs

• Highlighting the martial arts program's success in fostering confident and educated young women.

• Recognition of the exclusion of boys may overlook critical gender dynamics.

• Challenges of promoting self-reliance without necessary structural support.

Page 20: Summary of Key Takeaways

• Effective use of sport for empowerment is context-specific, not a universal solution.

• Individual empowerment must be complemented by systemic change for true progress.

• Critical reflections on Western-centric models are essential in SGD discussions.

• Engaging men and boys is vital for sustainable gender equality.

Page 21: Next Lecture Topics

• Exploration of social entrepreneurship in relation to gender and sport initiatives.

• Examination of successful case studies in sports as social enterprises.

• Emphasizing sustainable models for empowerment and development.