Native American Regions and Study Techniques
Native American Regions Study Guide
Native Americans lived throughout North America.
Early peoples primarily traveled by foot.
Some tribes also utilized canoes, known as umiaks and dugouts.
Eastern Woodlands (Iroquois)
Geography: Characterized by fertile soil, dense forests, and numerous rivers.
Governance: Formed the Great Council, which was responsible for crafting laws and making decisions for all five Iroquois leagues.
Housing: Lived in longhouses, constructed from trees and bark, capable of accommodating multiple families of a clan.
Southeast
Leadership: The white chief held the role for matters of peace.
Ceremony: Held the Green Corn ceremony as a ritual to express gratitude for a successful harvest.
Great Plains
Geography: Predominantly flat and grassy land with a scarcity of trees.
Tools: Used travois to transport hunted buffalo back to their camps.
Housing: Lived in movable, temporary houses called tipis, which were adaptable for nomadic hunting trips.
Southwest
Geography & Challenges: The land was dry, hot, and arid, posing significant difficulties for crop cultivation. It featured hills with flat tops, referred to as mesas.
Agriculture: Developed sophisticated irrigation systems to overcome the arid climate and support farming.
Housing & Villages: Homes were constructed from adobe bricks. They built permanent villages known as pueblos.
Religion & Education: Utilized Kachina dolls as educational tools to teach children about their religious beliefs.
Social Structure: Operated under a matrilineal system, where women held ownership of property.
Leadership: The white chief was designated for matters concerning peace.
Northwest
Art & Storytelling: Created totem poles, which served to narrate three-part stories about the peoples' past, present, and future.
Social Celebrations (Potlatches): People hosted potlatches, elaborate celebrations lasting for days, to display wealth, status, announce marriages, honor important individuals or loved ones, signify leadership changes, or express relationships with animal spirits. These events included feasts, and all guests received lavish gifts.
Power Structure: Wealthier individuals in this region generally held more power.
Spiritual Leaders: Both men and women could serve as Shamans, fulfilling the role of a medicine person.
Arctic
Geography: A polar desert region characterized by its cold climate, flat terrain, treeless landscape, and permafrost (permanently frozen ground).
Housing: Dwellings included igloos made from blocks of ice, tents constructed from caribou hides and wooden poles, or sod houses.
Sustenance: Relied heavily on walruses, caribou, and polar bears as primary food sources.
Great Basin
Climate: Experienced extremely cold winters and hot summers with minimal rainfall.
Ceremony: Performed the Bear Dance as a way to alleviate stress following long winters.
Notable Individuals: Dat So La Lee was a famous basket weaver from this region.
Study Skills for Assessments
Review Methods:
Spend time reviewing study materials.
Utilize index cards for quick recall.
Reread lesson chapters thoroughly.
Have a parent quiz you on the material.
Preparation Record: Students are required to record the chosen study strategy, the specific dates studied, and the duration (amount of time) spent studying.
Parental Verification: Parents must initial each recorded study session to confirm.
Bonus Points: Returning the completed Study Skills sheet on the day of the assessment will result in an additional 5 points being added to the test score.
Return sheet on test date for an additional 5 points.
Record Sheet Structure:
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