wrongful convictions unit 3

  1. Mr. Big Stings

  • A legal strategy used in undercover operations to arrest suspects for committing crimes.

  1. William Mullins-Johnson

    He was wrongfully convicted of strangling and sexually assaulting his 4-year-old niece

    there was no physical forensic evidence connecting him to valin’s death

  1. David Milgaard

  • was wrongfully convicted of killing a young woman, Gail Miller who was sexually assaulted and murdered on her way to work

  • went on a road trip with his friends, where they would visit one of their friends and stay in the friend's apartment in the meantime, not knowing it was rented to a guy named Larry Fisher

  • friend betrayed him by telling the police that he remember seeing him kill her when it was a serial killer who goes by the name Larry Fisher was the one who did the crime.

  • he spent 17 years in prison before DNA evidence cleared him.

  1. Kyle Unger  

  • kyle and his friends attended to a music festival where their classmate genier was also attending too.

  • the next day Genier was found dead near the festival grounds, leading to an immediate investigation and heightened scrutiny on all attendees, including Kyle and his friends.

  • Kyle was wrongfully convicted of first-degree murder for brutally murdering thier female friend in a park.

  • The only proof was a single hair on her sweatshirt which was later determined to be from a different source which was the actual killer of genier.

  1. Erin Walsh   

  • he was the drug dealer who was wrongfully convicted with second-degree murder for shooting a guy

  • Went with 3 men to tin can beach when he was attacked by the 3 men at gunpoint

  • After running away from the men, his friend went back to get him and told him it was a joke.

  • his friends decided they needed to get rid of Erin and planned to kill/shoot him in the car.

  • Erin grabbed the gun, After a few seconds of struggle between him and his friends to get the gun, the gun suddenly went off, and Che Che had shot and killed.

  1. Steven Truscott   

  • Steven was charged with Lynne’s murder.

  • Steven was seen giving Lynne a ride on his bicycle. They parted ways. Later that evening, her father reported her missing.

  • Two days later, Lynne’s body was found in a nearby wooded area. She had been sexually assaulted and strangled to death.

  • The judge found Steven guilty and thought it would be a good idea for Steven to have a merciful death and sentenced him to hanging.

  • the court then decided that punishment was to cruel and sentectens him to life imprisonment

  1. Donald Marshall Jr.    

    Donald was wrongfully convicted of stabbing and murdering a 17-year-old black youth, without any proof.

    Donald Marshall ran into a casual acquaintance named Sandy Seale, a 17-year-old Black youth.

    The teenagers encountered two men. A fight followed in which Ebsary stabbed Seale in the stomach and slashed Marshall on the arm.

    Everyone fled the scene, leaving Seale bleeding on the ground. Marshall soon returned and helped summon an ambulance. Seale died in hospital the next day.

    They believed the cut on his arm was self-inflicted.

  2. Circumstantial Evidence 

  • Indirect evidence that allows an inference to be made about the guilt of the accused, e.g., something belonging the accused found at the crime scene

  1. Inculpatory Evidence:

    Evidence that is used to establish the guilt of a defendant in a criminal trial, indicating that the accused may have committed the crime.

  1. Exculpatory Evidence:

  • Evidence that can exonerate a defendant, showing that they are not guilty of the crime in question or undermining the prosecution's case against them.

  1. Alibi 

    A defense strategy that proves the defendant was elsewhere when the crime was committed, providing them with a legitimate reason for not being at the crime scene.

  1. Demonstrative Evidence

  • Evidence that helps illustrate or clarify facts in the case, often presented through models, photographs, or other visual aids.

  1. Documentary Evidence 

  • Evidence that consists of documents, records, or other written materials used to support claims or demonstrate facts in a legal case.

  1. DNA Testing 

  • Evidence that analyzes genetic material to establish identity, confirm paternity, or link a suspect to a crime scene.

  1. Fingerprints  

  • Evidence obtained from the unique patterns on an individual's fingers, used for identification in criminal investigations.

  1. Impressions

  • Evidence left by a person's footwear or other objects that can be matched to a specific suspect or scene.

  1. Fibers    

  •    Material threads that can be traced back to a garment or textile found at a crime scene, often used to link a suspect to a victim or location.     

  1. Ballistics

  •  The study of projectiles and firearms, crucial in determining the origin and trajectory of bullets in criminal investigations.            

  1. Privileged Communications

  •  refers to conversations between certain parties, such as attorney-client or doctor-patient, that are protected by law from being disclosed in a legal setting.   

  1. Similar Facts Evidence

  •  refers to the principle that allows the use of evidence from other similar incidents to establish patterns, intent, or motive in a court of law.

  1. Hearsay Evidence    

  • refers to information presented in court that is not based on a witness's direct knowledge but rather on what others have said, which is generally inadmissible due to reliability concerns. 

  1. Opinion Evidence

  •  refers to a type of testimony that expresses the beliefs or perspectives of a witness, rather than factual evidence, and is often subject to relevance and qualifications by the court. 

  1. Character Evidence

  • refers to evidence that is used to demonstrate a person's character traits, usually to prove that they acted in accordance with those traits during a specific incident, but its admissibility can be restricted under certain rules.