ch 19 pt2

Capillary Dynamics

• Increase in fluid flow through capillaries

  • Leads to increased pressure within the capillaries

  • Resulting in an increase in mean arterial pressure

Net Filtration Pressure

• Refers to the overall pressure that drives fluid movement out of the capillaries

  • This is dependent on various factors affecting fluid dynamics in the vascular system

Pitting Edema

• Characteristic finding in right heart failure

  • Fluid accumulation due to inefficient lymphatic drainage and filtration in the capillaries

• Visual Identification

  • Indentation left on the skin after pressure is applied, indicating fluid retention in interstitial spaces

Pulmonary vs. Systemic Circulation

• Pulmonary Circulation

  • Movement of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation

  • Blood returns to the heart via pulmonary veins

• Systemic Circulation

  • Blood pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta and distributed throughout the body

  • Vessels: Brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and left subclavian arteries supply blood to the upper body

Blood Flow Pathway Summary

• From Heart to Body

  • Left ventricle -> Aorta -> Systemic circulation (delivers oxygenated blood)

• Return to Heart

  • Blood from body returns through venules -> medium-sized veins -> large veins (superior and inferior vena cava) into the right atrium

Major Arteries and Veins

• Key arteries made from the aorta supplying various body parts

  • Includes information on arteries from the diaphragm and branching patterns

• Head and Neck Vessels

  • Circle of Willis at the base of the brain

  • Key arteries: Ophthalmic, common carotid (divides into external and internal carotid)

Abdominal Vascular Structures

• Important arteries: Common hepatic artery and splenic artery

  • Both branch from the celiac trunk

Hepatic Portal System

• Composed of:

  • Portal vein

  • Bile duct

  • Hepatic artery

• Illustrates the flow of blood through the first and second capillary beds in the body

Summary of Chapter 19

• Key points include detailed pathways of blood flow through systemic and pulmonary circulation,

  • Significant vascular structures, and the understanding of edema in specific pathologies.