Bio Lab Exam
Here are flashcards based on the content from your "Exam 2 Review" PDF. I've broken them down into sections for easier studying.
Fungi
Q: What is the dominant stage in fungi reproduction?
A: Haploid stage
Q: What is delayed in fungal reproduction?
A: Karyogamy
Q: What are hyphae?
A: Cytoplasmic filaments of fungi
Q: What is a mycelium?
A: A mass of hyphae, usually underground, serves as the feeding structure
Q: What defines Zygomycota?
A: Aseptate hyphae; forms zygosporangium (heterokaryotic)
Q: What defines Ascomycota?
A: Septate hyphae; conidiophores for asexual, ascocarps for sexual reproduction
Q: What are lichens composed of?
A: Ascomycota + Cyanobacteria + Yeast
Q: What defines Basidiomycota?
A: Septate hyphae; basidia produce haploid basidiospores
Kingdom Animalia
Q: What are the three types of body symmetry?
A: Bilateral, Radial, Asymmetric
Q: What are the germ layers in animals?
A: No true tissues, Diploblastic, Triploblastic
Q: Name the three body cavity types.
A: Acoelomate, Pseudocoelomate, Coelomate
Q: What is the purpose of the coelom?
A: Cushions organs, allows organ growth/movement
Phyla: Porifera
Q: What type of symmetry do sponges have?
A: Asymmetry
Q: Do Porifera have true tissues?
A: No
Q: What are sponges made of?
A: Spongin and Spicules (silica or calcium carbonate)
Q: What are choanocytes?
A: Flagellated cells used for filter feeding
Phyla: Cnidaria
Q: What type of symmetry and germ layers do Cnidarians have?
A: Radial symmetry, Diploblastic
Q: What are cnidocytes?
A: Stinging cells
Q: What is the dominant life stage of Hydrozoa?
A: Polyp
Q: What is the dominant life stage of Scyphozoa?
A: Medusa
Protostomes vs. Deuterostomes
Q: What is the difference in cell fate?
A: Protostomes: determinate; Deuterostomes: indeterminate
Q: How does the coelom form in protostomes vs. deuterostomes?
A: Protostomes: from mesodermal splitting; Deuterostomes: from gut budding
Q: What does the blastopore become?
A: Protostomes: mouth; Deuterostomes: anus
Animal Phyla Examples
Q: Give examples of Arthropoda.
A: Centipede, Millipede, Grasshopper, Crawfish, Horseshoe crab
Q: Give examples of Mollusca.
A: Clam, Snail, Chiton, Squid
Q: What are examples of Annelida?
A: Earthworm, Leeches
Chordates and Deuterostomes
Q: What are the 5 chordate characteristics?
A: Notochord, Dorsal nerve cord, Pharyngeal slits, Post-anal tail, Endostyle
Q: What are the jawless fish?
A: Lampreys and Hagfish
Q: Which class includes ray-finned fish?
A: Actinopterygii
Dive Response & Osmoregulation
Q: What is bradycardia?
A: Lower than normal heart rate
Q: What structures are used for gas exchange?
A: Spiracles, Skin, Gills, Lungs
Q: What is the function of kidneys?
A: Filtration and reabsorption
Q: What waste molecule do reptiles excrete?
A: Uric acid
Would you like these in a printable format or maybe exported to Anki?