Key Concepts in Scientific Inquiry

Scientific Inquiry:

• Definition: The diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world, processing explanations based on evidence from their work.

Steps of the Scientific Inquiry Process:

1. Observation:

• Scientists observe and notice patterns or phenomena that spark curiosity.

1. Question:

• A specific question is formed based on observations (e.g., how or why something happened).

1. Hypothesis:

• A testable explanation developed to answer the question based on knowledge from observations.

1. Experimentation:

• Experiments are designed to test the hypothesis, gathering data through observations or manipulated variables.

1. Data Collection & Analysis:

• Data from experiments are collected and analyzed to determine if they support or refute the hypothesis.

1. Conclusion & Iteration:

• Conclusions are drawn based on the analysis. If the hypothesis is not supported, it is refined or replaced, restarting the cycle of inquiry.

Experimental Design Example:

• Question: Do plants grow better in sunlight?
• Hypothesis: Plants grow more in light.
• Experiment Design:
  • Plant one inside and one in the sun.
• Data Collection:
  • Observe results; record the health of both plants.
• Conclusion:
  • If the plant in sunlight is greener, it supports the hypothesis.
  • Independent Variable: Light (sun vs. inside).
  • Dependent Variable: Health or height of the plant.
  • Controlled Variables: Type of plant, pot sizes, amount of water, etc.